Antibiotiká: Mýty a fakty

Napísal Kristína Chudá 04. február 2025

Raz ich aj vaše dieťa pravdepodobne bude potrebovať. Antibiotiká často vzbudzujú vášnivé diskusie a majú svojich odporcov. Sú ale aj takí, ktorí ich chcú pre urýchlenie priebehu choroby predpísať aj na virózu. Čo je mýtus a čo fakt?

freepik_antibiotics_25

1. Mýtus - Antibiotiká stačí užívať do vymiznutia príznakov choroby

Lekári tradične jednohlasne tvrdia, že pacienti by mali dokončiť celý cyklus antibiotík podľa predpisu, teda doužívať lieky dokonca. aj keď príznaky vymiznú. Nedávna štúdia v Medical Journal of Australia priniesla diskusiu o hlavnom princípe používania antibiotík. Väčšina antibiotík mikróby priamo nezabíja, ale zastavuje ich rast. Keď sa lieky vysadia príliš skoro, mikróby sa spamätajú a začnú znova rásť. Preto sa užívajú aspoň týždeň. Existujú ale výnimky, o ktorých vás lekár vždy informuje.

2. Mýtus - Penicilín už dávno nezaberá, navyše sú na neho často alergie

V prípade klasických detských angín zaberá takmer vždy a má minimálne vedľajšie účinky. Vyrážka počas užívania penicilínu môže byť spôsobená samotnou chorobou, nie alergiou. Prípadnú alergiu môžete zistiť špeciálnymi testami v ambulancii u alergológa. Známky a príznaky alergie na penicilín sa často vyskytujú do jednej hodiny po užití lieku. Môže ísť o: kožnú vyrážku, žihľavku, svrbenie, horúčku, opuch, lapanie po dychu, sipot, svrbiace a vodnaté oči.

3. Pravda - Antibiotiká nefungujú na všetko

Antibiotiká bojujú s bakteriálnymi infekciami, ale nebudú pôsobiť proti vírusovým infekciám. To znamená, že nie sú účinné proti chrípke alebo bežnému prechladnutiu. V prieskume v roku 2012 jeden z troch opýtaných respondentov veril tomu, že antibiotiká účinne pôsobia proti prechladnutiu.

4. Pravda - Užívanie nepotrebných antibiotík môže spôsobiť viac škody ako úžitku

Tu je najväčší problém s nadmerným užívaním antibiotík. Baktérie sa prispôsobujú. Stávajú sa rezistentnými na lieky, čo sťažuje ich liečbu. Baktérie odolné voči liekom sťažujú hľadanie ďalších účinných liekov, ak čelíte naozaj vážnej infekcii.

5. Pravda aj mýtus - Po dobu užívania antibiotík musí byť dieťa zatvorené doma

Keď sa po dvoch až troch dňoch užívania antibiotík dieťa cíti dobre, nie je nutné zostávať doma. Bez obáv môžete ísť von napríklad s kočíkom, ale NIE do kolektívu, na nákupy alebo na návštevu. A nezdržiavať sa na slniečku. Niektoré lieky môžu zvýšiť citlivosť na teplo a slnečné žiarenie, takže buďte opatrní. Užívanie antibiotík môže spôsobiť vznik bolestivých alebo svrbivých vyrážok, ktoré vedú k pľuzgierom či rýchle spálenie pokožky.

6. Pravda - Antibiotiká účinkujú ihneď

Keď dieťa dostane prvú dávku antibiotík a za pár hodín nemá teplotu, je to náhoda? Nemyslíme si! Antibiotiká začnú fungovať hneď, ako ich začnete užívať aj keď sa hneď nemusí váš drobec cítiť lepšie. Keď naopak lieky nezačnú pôsobiť ani po 72 hodinách od začiatku liečby, je na zváženie ich zmena alebo hospitalizácia.

Zdroj foto: Freepik


https://www.healthline.com/health/how-do-antibiotics-work#length-of-time

https://www.consumerreports.org/drugs/antibiotics-and-sun-sensitivity/

https://health.clevelandclinic.org/4-important-facts-you-need-to-know-about-antibiotics/

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    Related to cable exterior rotation, we advise doing larger reps (12-20 reps) for this exercise.
    Since that is an injury prevention exercise, stick to the next rep vary,
    similar to reps. You can do this exercise one arm at a time, but to keep away from wasting time, utilizing each arms concurrently works just nice.
    M., Guzel, Y., Bulut, S., Kosar, S. N., McConell, G.
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    listed beneath are my high picks for shoulder cable
    workouts. The muscles on the outer part of your shoulders, called lateral
    deltoids, start from a particular level on your shoulder blade referred
    to as the acromion course of. By adding a BOSU ball and standing on one leg, you add stability and stability to the train. This makes the movement more durable, requires extra core energy and helps
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    and activate your quick twitch muscles.
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    Some point out that it is nice for exercising the shoulders and increases
    their range of motion to almost straight up over their head.
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    The arm of the cable machine should be adjusted at some extent somewhat higher than the
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    pointing backward. Face pulls are a fantastic
    corrective exercise that help strengthen a few of the chronically weak upper
    physique muscle tissue that become weak throughout after we sit slumped ahead for lengthy durations
    of time.
    A dual adjustable pulley permits for a greater vary of motion, making it best for twin cable cross shoulder workouts.

    Comparable to the Battle Rope Claps, Battle Rope Circles focus on the
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    Related to Overhead Slams, Rotational Slams increase strength
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    They help with the switch of power, similar to in-game actions corresponding to blocking an opponent while transferring laterally in soccer.
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    The brachioradialis is the muscle on the outside of the forearm.
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    See all the nice methods to supply a prodigious pump in your biceps by studying the endless triceps methodology above.
    It seems so easy as a jumping jack, but it isn't simple, jack.
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    strength, particularly targeting the higher again, rear deltoids, and rotator cuff muscles.


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    1.5" isn't as taxing on the grip or heavy as the 2" rope, and
    the 50ft permit for greater capability to scale both double
    and single rope actions. This is an amazing compound exercise that works the back
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    Row into your routine can considerably improve overall
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    With a dumbbell, there is no resistance on the deltoid within the backside place.

    With a cable machine, there is resistance on the deltoid in the
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    This motion can be a great alternative to plain aspect planks if you have to add more of a challenge to your core workouts.
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    For this workout, you are doing four workouts for 30 seconds work,
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    Make certain to make use of average weight on this, in any
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    Slowly deliver your palms down and stretch your shoulders at the bottom.
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    Here in this article, you will discover some awesome cable workouts for shoulders
    that can particularly goal each a half of your delts,
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    cable lateral increase is an isolated shoulder train that targets the deltoids
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    Cable machine workout routines are nice for the shoulder because they maintain the muscle tissue in pressure all through the entire
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    strength, and stability. Cable exterior rotation targets muscles of the rotator
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