Choroby s číslami sú fenoménom dnešnej doby. Nebojte sa ich

Napísal Mgr. Alexandra Štullerová 29. máj 2024

Prvá a najväčšia lekáreň na slovenskom internete, MojaLekáreň.sk, zažíva takmer 8-násobný medzimesačný nárast predaja voľnopredajných liekov na kožné alergie. To svedčí nielen o náraste počtu alergií, ale aj o sezónnom náraste infekčných ochorení, ako je piata, šiesta a siedma choroba u detí a mladých ľudí.

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Odborníci z MojaLekáreň.sk zdôrazňujú dôležitosť udržiavania hygieny a posilňovania imunity, aj keď je teplé počasie. "Skutočnosť, že neexistujú žiadne príznaky, neznamená, že dieťa neprinieslo chorobu zo školy alebo škôlky. Obzvlášť opatrné by mali byť tehotné ženy a ľudia so zníženou imunitou," hovorí Mgr. Pavla Horáková, vedúca farmaceutka online poradne MojaLekáreň.sk. Podľa nej je typickým príznakom všetkých týchto ochorení vyrážka, ktorej umiestnenie pomáha pri diagnostike.

"Posilnenie imunitného systému je opäť kľúčové. Vhodné sú vitamíny C a D, minerály ako selén a zinok, prírodné produkty ako echinacea, rakytník, či hliva ustricová," zdôrazňuje P. Horáková. Teplé mesiace nie sú výnimkou."Detské choroby nepoznajú ročné obdobie, kvôli rozšíreným vírusom sa na nás rodičia stále obracajú so žiadosťou o odbornú radu. Aj počas konzultácie na diaľku vieme posúdiť individuálnu situáciu a označiť produkty šité na mieru ich problému. Potom je len na nich, či si vyberú zo širokého portfólia voľnopredajných liekov a doplnkov stravy MojaLekáreň.sk," hovorí P. Horáková.

Podľa odborníčky, ak škola alebo škôlka informuje rodičov o šírení sa piatej a ostatných chorôb, je dôležitý  apel na dodržiavanie základných hygienických návykov – časté umývanie rúk, používanie výrobkov osobnej hygieny vrátane uterákov, pitie z vlastných fliaš alebo hrnčekov a zakrývanie úst pri kašli.

Piata, šiesta, siedma... Čísla ako strašiak pre rodičov

"Číslované" ochorenia majú podobné príznaky a sú zvyčajne diagnostikovateľné rozšírením vyrážok na tele. Pavla Horáková ich špecifikuje: "Pri piatej chorobe sa vyrážka najskôr objaví na lícach a až potom sa rozšíri po celom tele. Ďalšie príznaky ako horúčka, nádcha, bolesti hlavy a kĺbov sa nemusia prejaviť vôbec. Pri siedmej chorobe, ktorá sa vyskytuje hlavne v lete a na jeseň, sa príznaky objavujú častejšie a dokonca aj vyrážka vyzerá inak. Skôr sú to pľuzgiere, ktoré sa objavujú v ústach, na dlaniach a chodidlách nôh a môžu sa objaviť aj na zadočku a genitálnej oblasti."

Takmer každé dieťa vo veku od 6 mesiacov do 3 rokov podľa lekárničky prekoná aj šiestu chorobu. Signifikantná pre ňu je vysoká horúčka trvajúca 3-4 dni, potom sa objaví vyrážka - hlavne na bruchu a hrudníku. Lekárnička Horáková zdôrazňuje, že choroby sa liečia len symptomaticky - svrbivá vyrážka dobre reaguje na antihistaminiká, chladenie, tekutý prášok, zinkovú masť či gél proti svrbeniu. Lieky proti horúčke sú vhodné, pretože tiež zmierňujú bolesť. Pri všetkých chorobách je potrebné odpočívať a piť veľa tekutín. "Komplikácie sa vyskytujú len zriedkavo. Problémy sa môžu vyskytnúť u tehotných žien a ľudí s oslabenou imunitou, mali by vždy ísť k lekárovi," dodáva.

Celoživotná imunita - nie vždy

Pokiaľ ide o šírenie infekcie v domácnosti, keď dieťa prechádza chorobou, neznamená to automaticky, že ostatní členovia si tiež chorobu vymenia. "Silný imunitný systém dokáže ochorenie úspešne zvládnuť, niekedy sa ochorenie prejaví bez symptomatických príznakov," vysvetľuje Horáková, podľa ktorej zostáva po prekonaní piatej a šiestej choroby trvalá imunita, takže tí, ktorí ju už prekonali, by ju už nemali dostať znova. Naopak, ak sa osoba stretne s iným kmeňom vírusu pri siedmej chorobe, osoba môže ochorenie znova prekonať.

Piata choroba - infekčný erytém: vyrážka sa najprv objaví na lícach a potom sa rozšíri po tele, iné príznaky, ako je horúčka, nádcha, bolesť hlavy a bolesť kĺbov, sa nemusia prejaviť vôbec.

Šiesta choroba - Trojdňová horúčka: prejavuje sa vysokou horúčkou trvajúcou 3-4 dni, po poklese horúčky sa objavia vyrážky, hlavne na bruchu a hrudníku.

Siedma choroba - noha - ruka - ústa: zvýšená teplota až horúčka, závraty, nevoľnosť, bolesť končatín, brucha a bolesť hrdla. Pľuzgiere sa začínajú tvoriť na slizniciach, v ústach a na jazyku, menia sa na bolestivé vredy, ktoré vyzerajú ako afty v ústach. Potom sa na dlaniach a chodidlách objavia pľuzgiere a vyrážky. Môžu sa objaviť aj na zadočku a genitálnej oblasti.

Zdroj foto: Freepik

21 komentárov

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