Ako vypátrať a chytiť najväčšieho falšovateľa obrazov na svete?!

Napísal Milan Buno, knižný publicista 12. november 2022

22. časť jednej z najúspešnejších špionážnych sérií všetkých čias presvedčivo dokazuje, že v tomto žánri sa jej autorovi Danielovi Silvovi nik nevyrovná. Tentoraz sa slávny Gabriel Allon pustí do mimoriadne riskantného pátrania po najväčšom falšovateľovi v dejinách umenia. 

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Portrét neznámej ženy.

Objavil som tri falzifikáty iba pár minút po tom, ako som vošiel do galérie.“ Gabriel stíšil hlas. „Preto som mal zomrieť.“
„Predstavovali ste hrozbu pre skupinu falšovateľov?“ spýtal sa pochybovačne Ménard.
„To nie je hocijaká skupina, ale sofistikovaný podnik, ktorý zaplavuje trh s umením kvalitnými falzifikátmi. A muž, ktorý ho riadi, zarába dosť, aby si najal profesionálov na likvidáciu každého, kto ho ohrozuje.“
Ménard sa zamyslel. „Zaujímavá teória, Allon. Ibaže nemáte dôkazy.“

Legendárny špión a reštaurátor po dlhých rokoch pretrhal putá s izraelskou tajnou službou, rozlúčil sa so spolupracovníkmi a s priateľmi. S manželkou Chiarou a deťmi sa odsťahoval do milovaných Benátok. Chce tam nastúpiť do firmy Tiepolo Restoration Company, kde sa kedysi učil reštaurátorskému remeslu a kde je novou manažérkou práve jeho manželka.

No všetko sa vyvinie úplne inak. Zasiahne osud v podobe prosby starého priateľa, výstredného londýnskeho obchodníka s umením Juliana Isherwooda. Prosí Gabriela, aby vyšetril okolnosti objavu istého starého obrazu a jeho následného lukratívneho predaja.

Gabriel čoskoro zistí, že toto dielo, portrét neznámej ženy pripisovaný Anthonisovi van Dyckovi, je takmer istotne diabolsky vydarený falzifikát. Aby vypátral jeho záhadného autora – a odhalil kolosálny podvod v najvyšších umeleckých kruhoch –, Gabriel vymyslí jeden z najzložitejších plánov v celej svojej kariére. Ak má totiž uspieť, musí sa stať zrkadlovým odrazom muža, ktorého hľadá: najlepším falšovateľom obrazov na svete...

Portrét neznámej ženy je 22.diel série Agent Gabriel Allon...a je neuveriteľné, ako si Daniel Silva udržiava nastavenú latku kvality.

Táto kniha je snom každého milovníka umenia. Vnorí sa do nej, stratí, vychutnáva si ju a vynorí sa po poslednej 384.strane. Gabriel Allon už síce nie je v izraelskej tajnej službe, no stále má perfektné taktické myslenie, v zálohe plno trikov a po ruke niekoľko svojich starých priateľov.
Klobúk dolu pred danielom Silvom, pretože vytvára nielen napínavé a premyslené príbehy, ale predovšetkým stvoril neuveriteľne charizmatickú postavu, ktorú udržiava pútavou a uveriteľnou už desiatky rokov.

 „Ani známy umelecký reštaurátor David Bull – v istých kruhoch považovaný za „skutočného Gabriela Allona“ – sa nedal zahanbiť a prečítal celý šesťstostranový rukopis, hoci práve dokončoval prácu na obraze talianskeho renesančného maliara Jacopa Bassana,“ tvrdí Daniel Silva s tým, že si veľmi dal záležať na autentickosti a hodnovernosti svojho príbehu.

Istá švajčiarska výskumná spoločnosť s pomocou priekopníckej formy umelej inteligencie určila, že Samson a Dalila, jeden z najcennejších obrazov v National Gallery, takmer určite nie je dielom Petra Paula Rubensa. Galéria ho kúpila v roku tisícdeväťstoosemdesiat v londýnskom aukčnom dome Christieʼs za päť celých štyri milióna dolárov. Vtedy to bola tretia najvyššia cena, akú kedy zaplatili za umelecké dielo. Na dnešnom trhu by taký predaj sotva vzbudil pozornosť, keďže stúpajúce ceny premenili obrazy na ďalšiu komoditu pre superboháčov...

 

2 komentárov

  • Komentár Stephaine %AM, %27 %293 %2025 %06:%mar napísal Stephaine

    The seated muscle snatch is a superb substitute for the upright row,
    incorporating an analogous motor sample while concentrating on the
    same muscle teams. You could find you could lift heavier grocery bags or that it isn’t
    as much of a struggle to select up your children or grandchildren. Whilst I’m a fan of cable rows, they’re not without their limitations, both
    in a strength and athleticism fashion. They’re additionally not the simplest train to
    program in a house health club – you need to throw some critical
    money at a cable station and you want loads of room as well.
    The 1 inch westside gap spacing means you probably can place the spotter
    arms to the ideal height whenever you bench press.
    So you probably can safely drop the bar and have a full range of motion when you carry.
    As a private trainer and weightlifting coach, I just like the cable row as an train, but
    there are limitations to them – the primary one being the load.


    The upright row is a well-liked train for building shoulder and upper back muscles, but it can come with risks.

    Many people experience shoulder ache or discomfort whereas doing it, and it’s not the greatest option for everybody.
    The finest alternate upright rows variation for strength is the single-arm dumbbell
    power snatch, seated muscle snatch, TRX YTW, and dumbbell farmer’s stroll.

    The band provides more resistance at the top of the movement, when your arms are bent, than it does at
    the backside when your arms are straight.
    When you increase your arm, the area between the acromion (the bony protrusion on prime of your
    shoulder) and the humerus (the bone within the upper part
    of your arm) tends to narrow. Finally, if you want to goal your upper traps,
    the dumbbell shrug is doubtless considered one of the greatest
    ways to go about doing so. Some research reveals that doing the lateral elevate with the little finger larger than the thumb
    hits the aspect delts a little more durable than maintaining the hands impartial [5].
    It’s the highest part of the motion, the place the bar comes up towards the chin, that tends
    to cause shoulder pain for most people [2]. The TRX YTW is a superb alternative for the
    upright row, as it works comparable muscle groups which
    would possibly be active in the upright row. Due to the seated snatch being an explosive exercise, you have a quantity of options on the means to
    program your reps and units.
    The cable upright row is a fantastic possibility for lifters who want consistent rigidity
    all through the motion, making it a wise choice for each newbies and superior athletes.
    If an upright row aggravates your shoulders, there are several different workout routines you
    can try to strengthen your shoulders in different ways.
    Pull the weight up into an upright row, after which earlier than releasing your arms
    again down, flip your wrists again and push
    the weight up into an overhead press. To see noticeable enhancements in shoulder energy and measurement, purpose to train your shoulders 1-2
    times per week.
    And let’s face it, there are different workouts (as you presumably can see on this article) that are just
    nearly as good for building measurement by way of the muscular tissues that the upright row targets.
    The cable face pull works your higher again and shoulders, without requiring
    any inside rotation via the shoulder joint or extreme wrist flexion like the upright row does.

    The dumbbell upright row is how you can perform the identical
    upright row movement with out shoulder discomfort.
    The trick is to not pull the dumbbells straight up your physique however
    to pull "out and up" simultaneously. This exercise offers precisely the
    same muscle engagement as the dumbbell lateral raise but can be more "mobile," so to say, due
    to the portability of the bands.
    Nevertheless, because of their association with
    harm, they’re not appropriate for everyone. The most transferable
    replacement for upright rows with less stress on the shoulder joints is the standing rope upright row.
    It works precisely the same muscle tissue and joints whereas giving the shoulders more
    freedom. There are also different workouts that can individually isolate
    the lateral delts (e.g. lateral raises) and upper traps (e.g.
    barbell shrugs). Studying the means to do upright rows accurately is essential for maximizing its
    benefits and minimizing the danger of injury. This exercise, often ignored, targets your
    upper again, shoulders, and biceps, contributing to a
    well-rounded physique and enhanced energy.
    The barbell shrug gains as a lot activation in the higher
    traps as an upright row. So, if your major aim is to build upper trap power and dimension, the barbell
    shrug can just do that, with out stressing the elbows.

    Keep In Mind when we stated 61% of weight lifters reported shoulder pain in the final year?

    That’s a huge proportion of people, and that’s why
    upright rows get a foul popularity. A lot of persons are using
    the upright row when they shouldn’t and that is what’s causing the problem.
    As we’ve mentioned, the upright row is among the solely workout
    routines to place important give consideration to the
    center portion of the shoulders.
    Due to the only arm power snatch being an explosive train, you've a number of options on how to program your reps and units.

    A widespread mistake within the barbell excessive pull is when lifters permit the barbell to drift too
    far in front of them. Allowing this to happen may throw you off balance and cause you to stumble.
    The barbell excessive pull is a unbelievable substitute for the upright row, as it very intently resembles the upright row and
    makes use of all the identical muscle groups.

    This is usually what causes discomfort or what can lead
    to shoulder ache. It is not the case all the time, however an extreme
    amount of internal rotation in a exhausting and fast position (caused by a barbell
    or similar piece of equipment) isn’t always ideal.

  • Komentár qa.holoo.co.ir %AM, %21 %047 %2025 %00:%mar napísal qa.holoo.co.ir

    Since the pandemic, many companies utilizing creatine of their protein formulas started
    eradicating creatine from their merchandise as a end result of it was either too expensive to incorporate or too
    tough to get. That being said, a couple of whey protein powders nonetheless use creatine
    in their formulas, and I’ve reviewed one of the best ones below.
    The sort and amount of ingredients in pre-workout is what determines how long its effects
    last, together with the specific person consuming it.
    Analysis means that creatine reaches peak concentration within the body roughly
    one hour after consumption and stays at elevated levels for as a lot
    as 4 hours.
    BCAAs and creatine's actions are fairly different—the former helps muscle protein synthesis and restore, while
    the latter features mainly to increase work capability by enhancing gasoline substrate availability.
    They do this by reducing ranges of sure markers of muscle injury, specifically creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase
    (LDH)(2, 3). This aids in managing delayed onset muscle soreness and muscle protein breakdown.
    Plus, taking the dietary supplements on the identical time every
    day will guarantee a gentle provide of those ingredients
    in your body every day. That said, the one thing you must NOT combine
    with these dietary supplements is alcohol as a result of alcohol has opposing results to creatine
    and due to this fact will compromise its effectiveness.
    Water or water-based liquids are greatest for mixing
    creatine and BCAAs as a result of they will dissolve the supplements extra simply and reduce the risk of
    clumping.
    It's imperative that you complement carnitine at a time when you're consuming fast-digesting carbs to spike insulin ranges, corresponding to post-workout.

    This is among the reasons why I included 2g of carnitine
    in Submit JYM. The early studies that showed no benefit
    of carnitine didn't adequately raise muscle carnitine levels—it wasn't equipped at a time when insulin can be
    spiked and muscle uptake can be sufficient.
    Also, understand that there are another elements that
    can play a job in figuring out how effective these are.

    If you're consuming a sufficient amount of protein throughout
    the day, the need for BCAAs or EAAs drastically reduces.
    If you’re having trouble getting your whole protein in, the easiest answer is to make use of a protein powder.
    Some discover it good and clear, saying it tastes great
    and offers them a great pump. Others say the standard has been missing,
    with poor results and a lackluster taste.
    You would possibly assume pre-workout is all about offering a hit of caffeine,
    but there are numerous useful components included in blends such as
    this one. [newline]Although they’re two completely different supplements, creatine
    and BCAAs can completely be mixed together. Creatine may
    be taken in supplement kind as a powder or a tablet, and the present
    suggestions are to take 3-5g of creatine per day (8).
    BCAAs are present in most protein-based foods such as hen, meat, milk,
    different dairy merchandise, and of course whey.

    The weight gain is usually because of increased muscle mass and water
    retention in the muscles. Whereas creatine is of course current in these foods,
    the amounts are often inadequate for these looking for vital performance benefits, hence the popularity of
    creatine supplementation. Branched-chain amino acids promote muscle synthesis,
    are used in muscle synthesis, and assist different metabolizations, too.

    Hydraulic leaves no room for competitors in phrases of one of the best caffeine-free pre-workout with creatine.

    In truth, it’s included on our list of one of the best pre-workout dietary supplements with out caffeine.


    Neither of those supplements are really relevant to "weight-loss".
    However, you could discover advantages for each one that could help with physique recomposition or
    cutting. For example, having a great pre-workout can result in a more intense exercise which might
    imply extra calories burned.
    You mustn't take pre-workout with creatine in case you have kidney illness, liver illness, or
    diabetes. There are many extra choices than the eleven finest
    pre-workout supplements mentioned right here. Let me outline some critical things to contemplate when purchasing a pre-workout.

    Whereas the beneficial mix is ounces of water, we most popular
    16 ounces to steadiness the tart taste.
    There are 20 amino acids that make up muscle protein, but 9 of those
    are thought-about essential. Mixing BCAA, Creatine, and Pre-Workout supplements can indeed be akin to discovering
    the holy grail of health enhancement—if carried out properly
    and with an understanding of your body’s needs.
    This powerhouse combo can amplify your strength, endurance, and recovery, propelling you in path of your
    health targets at an accelerated pace. Nonetheless, it's crucial to embrace this synergy with mindfulness, contemplating each
    the advantages and the potential dangers. Clear Labs
    Stim-Free pre-workout consists of creatine with out caffeine and provides in Taurine to improve focus
    and recovery instances.
    BCAAs also are confirmed to reduce back the amount of serotonin your body produces,
    which implies that while you are exercising you will not be affected
    by fatigue the same, that means you can work tougher for longer.

    Attainable side effects embrace overstimulation (due to caffeine), dehydration, digestive discomfort,
    and, in rare circumstances, kidney strain. Monitoring your
    physique's response and staying hydrated might help mitigate
    these risks. These three supplements all do one thing different however all
    of them do something that will assist you kill your subsequent powerful exercise.

    Citrulline malate will increase NO manufacturing, enhancing blood move, oxygen supply,
    and muscle endurance. This permits you to carry out extra reps, sustain higher coaching depth,
    and get well faster between sets. Research-backed doses like the 6 grams in Pre JYM Plus have been proven to reduce fatigue, enhance power, and maximize muscle pumps for peak efficiency.
    That’s why Pre JYM Plus was constructed differently—fully loaded with scientifically confirmed
    elements on the right doses to fuel muscle growth, endurance, strength, focus,
    and performance.
    Another great advantage of BCAAs is that they allow you
    to exercise with extra depth, and for longer.
    BCAAs restore serotonin by regulating your body’s tryptophan ranges, which reduces fatigue and elevates psychological focus.
    By spending more time in the health club, you will note better results in a
    shorter house of time. With leucine and isoleucine, valine is the third
    BCAA that is concerned in protein synthesis.
    It is released through the pyruvate, which ​​ is the output of the metabolism of glucose
    often known as glycolysis (2). When taken collectively, creatine, BCAAs, and caffeine lead to
    important increases in efficiency, focus, power production, and muscle achieve.
    For instance, a research article revealed within the Journal of the International Society of
    Sports Diet investigated the effect of acute pre-workout supplementation on energy and energy performance.


    Additionally, BCAAs will present amino acids to use as constructing blocks for repairing and building new muscle tissue,
    which happens whereas resting. Yes, both creatine and BCAA powders dissolve readily when combined
    with water or different liquids like juice or milk.
    Additionally, the extent to which these dietary supplements dissolve (or not) won’t have an result on their effectiveness (as lengthy as they aren’t left sitting
    on the bottom of your water bottle in grainy clumps).
    Understanding which dietary supplements to use can be complicated when you’re beginning out.
    BCAAs and pre-workout are two of the most typical dietary supplements that folks
    use to power their exercises. Whereas both supplements have their benefits, they serve different purposes.

    She provides that as a result of exercise was not part of the research, it's difficult to see how these findings would translate to humans
    who're doing elevated exercise. "The idea of BCAA inflicting weight achieve actually came from an animal examine utilizing mice that noticed overeating/ increased meals consumption and weight acquire when themice had been fed BCAA,"
    Dr. Bay says. Based on my experience in using other Six Star products, I nonetheless suggest the opposite
    manufacturers over this one due to protein percentage and product availability.
    For people weighing larger than 200lbs, then a daily 8g serving is really helpful.
    We’ve added points to a product’s score for having
    useful added elements, like glutamine or
    nutritional vitamins. To assess protein share, we take the total grams of
    protein in a product and multiply that by 4 (protein has four calories per scoop).

    For athletes, measure dash or high-intensity performance through timed drills or sport-specific metrics.
    These activities closely utilize the phosphocreatine
    system, making them glorious indicators of how much creatine
    your muscles are effectively utilizing. For most customers,
    all unwanted effects resolve inside two weeks as the physique adapts to elevated
    creatine levels. Increasing water consumption to assist
    handle water retention while supporting creatine stores. During the loading phase, creatine
    draws water into your muscle cells, inflicting visible fullness and generally slight bloating.

    Our goal is to provide factual information and
    unbiased product recommendations for our readers primarily based on related experience, extensive research
    and feedback. If you wish to get probably the most out of
    your workout with out the jitters, strive one of
    these caffeine-free pre-workout supplements. With slightly trial and error,
    you’re positive to seek out the proper supplement to assist take your exercises to the following stage.
    This pre-workout additionally has 1.5 grams of
    Creatine HCL to assist with strength and muscle mass.


    BCAAs can also help cut back fatigue by inhibiting tryptophan’s effects[6].

    Thankfully, plants synthesize them on an everyday basis, so it’s easy to get them whether you’re a carnivore or vegetarian. It doesn’t
    make very a lot distinction when you take it before or after figuring
    out. The extra available ATP you've, the more strength you'll have during your workouts.
    And final but not least, we have the best pre-workout
    without creatine for beginners. This means it’s tremendous straightforward to digest with
    out causing GI upset, there’s no loading phase,
    and it mixes easily into any liquid. Out There in unflavored
    powder (for mixing into other drinks), lemon lime powder, or vegetable capsules (vegan).

    It has 3g of creatine monohydrate per serving and 30g of protein, delivering 75% protein per scoop.

    This blend permits it to function as a great post-workout protein choice while
    preserving the price per serving decrease.
    In phrases of creatine, this product has 3g of creatine monohydrate, which
    is identical dose because the Muscletech Nitrotech that I element below.
    Leoni Jesner is a health and well being writer contributing content to Verywell
    Fit, Byrdie, Forbes Health, Everyday Well Being and Insider, in addition to providing skilled features to LIVESTRONG,
    Bustle, CNET and Fitbit.
    Because the consequences of caffeine can linger for approximately 5 hours after consumption, it should not
    be taken earlier than night exercises. The greatest time to take caffeine is 20 minutes earlier than a
    morning workout. BCAA supplementation could also be used as much as 4 times a day when you have an intense programme
    and can be utilized earlier than, throughout and after your
    exercise. Nonetheless, it is necessary to follow the beneficial dosages
    and consult a healthcare professional if you have any underlying well being situations.

    It's necessary to hearken to your physique and regulate
    your routine accordingly to keep away from any adverse results and to maximize benefits.

    Throughout vitality production, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is degraded into adenosine
    diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate molecule (Pi).
    As talked about above, BCAAs are frequent components in pre-workouts so there’s a good chance your pre-workout already has
    BCAA in it. We’re a staff of athletes, vitamin coaches,
    and registered dieticians who like to share our ardour
    for working out and eating healthy.
    "Ingestion of the pre-workout dietary complement led to significant improvements in anaerobic peak and mean energy values in comparability to the placebo and baseline therapies," the researchers concluded.
    CAFFEINECaffeine is probably the most broadly used ergogenic substance
    on the planet. In addition to its capacity to increase
    vitality expenditure and fats oxidation, it’s additionally well-known for enhancing psychological
    alertness, cognition, bodily endurance, and even strength.
    Though caffeine isn’t one of many newest or sexiest ingredients available on the market,
    it definitely remains one of the most effective, especially in a PWO.
    Creatine, on the opposite hand, is taken in cycles over a longer
    term; the goal is to saturate your muscular tissues with the stuff to get in the further reps
    and go the additional distance.
    Clients find that the product supplies an excellent pump and vitality for
    pre-workouts. They recognize its ability to boost their workouts with out
    causing tingling or burning sensations. Many clients are satisfied with the worth for
    money and caffeine content, although some have differing opinions on taste and jitteriness.
    Caffeine is a mild stimulant that impacts the central nervous system and
    has the potential to influence human neuromuscular performance.
    In an attempt to maximize the effectiveness of caffeine, supplement manufacturers usually mix a
    quantity of components, possibly enhancing caffeine's stimulatory potential [1].
    Ingesting the SUP earlier than exercise considerably improved agility selection response performance
    and lower body muscular endurance, while rising perceived power and decreasing subjective fatigue.


    Prospects recognize the saline content of the nutritional complement.
    It provides them with nice power, stamina, and focus without jitters or tingling.
    They describe it as a solid pre-workout that offers them
    an additional boost that lasts by way of their exercise.
    Prospects find the nutritional complement has an excellent style
    and offers vitality all through exercises. They find it effective for pre-workout routines and consider it a good pre-workout supplement for novices.

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