Evanjelium o úhoroch

Napísal Albatros Media Slovensko 11. apríl 2020

Prestížnu August Prize pre najlepšiu švédsku knihu minulého roku v kategórii literatúry faktu získalo Evanjelium o úhoroch od Patricka Svenssona. Nadšení sú nielen kritici, ale aj čitatelia – predaje sa rýchlo vyšplhali cez číslo sto tisíc a práva na knihu boli predané do takmer štyridsiatich krajín sveta.

Na Slovensku kniha vychádza vo vydavateľstve Lindeni v preklade Zuzany Inczingerovej.

Je to ohromný, závratný príbeh s filozofickými aj existenciálnymi podtónmi o pôvode a mytológii ohrozeného úhora a jeho mieste v ľudskom a prírodnom svete, ktorý čitateľa obrazne aj doslovne vtiahne do hlbokej vody,“ zdôvodnila porota August Prize udelenie hlavnej ceny v kategórii non-fiction. „Patrik Svensson nám umožňuje sledovať úhora zo Sargasového mora cez jedálenské stoly až k jeho vlastnej duši, kde mu - vďaka autorovmu otcovi - bolo pridelené veľmi zvláštne miesto. Pretože toto je príbeh o otcovi a synovi a ich spoločnej láske k úhorom, ktorá ich spútala vo vzťahu, aký len ťažko opísať slovami.“

Úhor, Anguilla anguilla, je jedným z najzáhadnejších tvorov, aké príroda kedy stvorila. Ryba, ktorá dlho predstavovala prírodovedeckú záhadu, zvanú aj „úhoria otázka“. Ryba, ktorej sa bezúspešne snažili porozumieť všetci od Aristotela až po Sigmunda Freuda. Ryba, ktorá dnes vymiera, a my nevieme prečo. „Úhory, tie sú ti zvláštne,“ povedal otec v Svenssonovej knihe. „Vždy keď nejakého videl, vyzeral nadšene. Akoby to tajomno k životu potreboval. Akoby v ňom vypĺňalo akési prázdno. Nechal som sa tým sám presvedčiť. Rozhodol som sa, že človek nájde to, v čo chce veriť, keď to potrebuje. Úhory sme potrebovali. Bez nich by sme neboli rovnakí.“

Patrik Svensson sa odmalička zaujímal o prírodu a zvieratá a často a rád chodil s otcom na ryby. Po štúdiu jazykov a literatúry sa začal živiť ako novinár, najskôr písal o kultúrnych, spoločenských a politických udalostiach, ale postupne ho začali viac lákať témy vedy a výskumu. Veda ho fascinuje predovšetkým pre to, že aj napriek svojej exaktnosti nepozná odpovede na úplne všetko.  A to je miesto pre predstavivosť – presne tak vznikla aj jeho debutová kniha, ktorá sa doma vo švédsku stala literárnou udalosťou a postupne si získava čitateľov aj v ďalších krajinách.

„Popis tajomného života úhorov slúži aj ako meditácia o vedomí, viere a čase, svetle aj temnote, živote aj smrti,“ napísal o knihe rešpektovaný literárny portál Kirkus Reviews. „Opisuje prírodu bez sentimentu a osvetľuje rovnako správanie úhorov ako aj ľudí.“  

Zaujímavosťou je, že knihu s nadšením nehodnotia len kritici a bežní čitatelia, ale aj vedci. Podľa profesora Marka Siddalla, kurátora American Museum of Natural History v New Yorku ide o najlahodnejšiu knihu o histórii prírody za posledné desaťročie. „Svenssonova próza sa ľahko prelieva medzi jeho osobnou skúsenosťou a tisícročným vedeckým výskumom. Je to však aj výzva na ochranu – a nielen tohto ušľachtilého úhora, ale aj našich osobných a kultúrnych spomienok. A to je na tejto pútavej knihe pozoruhodné.“

1 Komentár

  • Komentár fijicopts.Org %AM, %21 %352 %2025 %07:%mar napísal fijicopts.Org

    Below, we have assembled seven of the most popular
    bodyweight again workouts to fit into your next workout.
    There's a great reason you will see these carried out on again days – they construct some critically 3D
    muscle. Your lats act in tandem with just about every muscle in your body to
    pull off a profitable deadlift.
    The advantages of training your back converse for themselves, and that
    is why we've put together this guide to the most effective back exercises and again exercises for males.
    The 23 lifts included are strikes that no back exercise is complete without.

    Plus, our listing of the most effective back exercises for males consists of every thing you
    may want for a well-rounded back-building programme.
    Emphasize workout routines such as bent-over rows, Meadows rows, and other row variations to
    successfully target the upper, middle, and decrease again. Rack pulls involve lifting the barbell from an elevated place, permitting you
    to deal with heavier weights than conventional deadlifts.
    In Contrast To different again workouts, the cable rope pullover permits for a higher range
    of motion, particularly in the course of the eccentric (lengthening) part.
    This prolonged range of motion helps to totally stretch and activate the lats, leading to extra muscle
    fiber recruitment and improved development. The cable
    machine offers continuous rigidity all through the entire exercise movement, ensuring that the muscular tissues are continually engaged.

    This fixed resistance locations a significant demand
    on the back muscular tissues, resulting in higher power positive aspects and hypertrophy (muscle growth).
    While he lifted heavy, his emphasis was on stimulating, not annihilating the muscles—a precept he usually repeated.

    Or, you presumably can go on coaching the best way that you're and keep trying like a paper cutout.
    Now it’s time to put all of this collectively right into a again workout that you can do (do this today should you
    haven’t been to the health club yet!). Do a set after which
    immediately lower the weight by 20-30% and carry out one other set.
    You’re looking into the mirror at the health club and you’re happy with what you see.
    Chest is coming out, arms are chiseled, and you have some respectable back width.
    Its primary capabilities embody rotating the head aspect to facet, tilting
    the pinnacle, and aiding in neck flexion.
    By prioritizing rows, you can construct a symmetrical and highly effective
    again that helps good posture and enhances athletic efficiency.

    Chin-ups work all of the fibres in your lats, however your mid and higher lats are
    your strongest shoulder extensors, so they have an inclination to get proportionally extra of the expansion stimulus.
    You’re getting an incredible stretch in your lats and dealing them through an infinite vary of movement.

    A ton of other muscle tissue contribute as well, including your upper-back muscular tissues,
    abs, forearms, biceps, and triceps. Including in strongman workout routines may be effective, however focusing on correct type and method is crucial for avoiding damage and attaining optimum again development.
    Sustaining a straight, impartial spine throughout bent-over row exercises is essential to prevent strain on the decrease back.

    The greatest workout routines for thicker again goal key muscle groups such as the
    latissimus dorsi, trapezius, and rhomboids, all important in establishing that coveted V-taper silhouette.

    By focusing on constant pressure, correct kind, and progressive overload, you can maximize
    muscle progress and achieve a back that's not solely aesthetically spectacular but functionally sturdy.
    You could additionally be pondering that deadlifts are for the legs and glutes,
    however additionally it is nice for again thickness.
    Start together with your toes shoulder width apart to ensure
    stability and correct form. After you're warmed up, you've
    12 minutes to finish all deadlifts. For set one, do five reps.
    Relaxation 60 seconds and try 5 reps once more.
    If you are unable to complete five reps do four, if you cannot
    do four reps do three, when you can't do three reps do two, and if two reps is an excessive amount of, do one.

    His exercises included a mix of compound movements like rows and pull-ups, together
    with isolation workout routines that fine-tuned his back’s
    intricate details. Haney’s attention to posture and technique ensured
    that he developed a back that was both muscular and safe from harm.
    He believed in going heavy, pushing his limits with large compound movements like
    deadlifts and bent-over barbell rows. One
    of his most well-known feats was performing 495-pound barbell rows
    for over 10 reps, an illustration of his uncooked strength.
    You’re pulling the weight up by driving your elbows back, your shoulder blades are stretching
    out and then squeezing together, and your spinal erectors
    are preserving your posture inflexible. Rows won’t work
    all three muscle groups onerous sufficient to stimulate muscle progress, though.
    Nor will they problem every region of each muscle in each muscle group.

    Maintain the opposite finish whereas standing perpendicular to
    it, then row the bar up and toward your hip, specializing in squeezing your shoulder blades collectively on the prime of the movement.
    You have a larger diversity of pulling muscle
    tissue than pressing muscles, so it might possibly take a wider variety of workouts to coach all of them.
    Plus, again muscular tissues are usually
    quite good at dealing with higher coaching volumes. You
    can even prepare your rotator cuff with overhead pressing movements.
    After all, when you press a weight overhead, you’re externally rotating your shoulders beneath a heavy
    load.
    The Barbell One Arm Bent over Row is a top train for building again thickness.
    It involves utilizing a barbell and performing a bent-over row with one
    arm at a time, targeting the muscular tissues in the back to
    advertise power and thickness. The incline bench position helps isolate
    the again muscle tissue while stopping dishonest or momentum
    in the course of the exercise. Correct kind and method
    are essential to keep away from injury, making it essential to start out with lighter weights and progressively improve as power and stability improve.
    With the split stance providing stability and a broader range of movement,
    it is strongly recommended to use average weight dumbbells whereas specializing
    in proper form and method. Incorporating this train into an everyday
    routine can considerably sculpt and strengthen the back muscle tissue, alongside different noteworthy exercises mentioned within the article.

    This focus fortifies rotator cuff muscles and teres minor,
    minimizing vulnerabilities to injuries that can throw a wrench in each
    athletic endeavors and every day duties.
    Regardless Of his immense back improvement, Wolf battled
    decrease back issues all through his profession but nonetheless managed to maintain one of the visually impressive backs in bodybuilding.

    Wolf’s rear lat unfold was his defining pose, the place his higher lats would flare out dramatically, making
    his waist appear even smaller compared. His philosophy of surprising the muscles by
    continually varying his routine kept his again rising and improving throughout his career.

    On the last set, if you nonetheless have one thing left, go
    for an all-out rep max. These are plate-loaded machines that give you the feeling of
    free weights but permit you to focus more on making
    your muscular tissues work and never so much the precise movement.
    This deep muscle runs alongside the backbone and
    attaches to the bottom of the skull. Developing this muscle helps create a stronger and more muscular upper
    neck. These muscular tissues are situated in the again of
    the neck and upper back, running from the upper spine
    to the cranium and cervical vertebrae. They are answerable for extending (tilting the pinnacle back) and rotating the
    pinnacle.
    Minor differences that may exist in muscle activation past this happen as a result of working the muscular
    tissues awkwardly will weaken some muscles that should take part.
    The lats create width whereas the rhomboids and trapezii
    permit thickness. Nonetheless it might possibly nonetheless be used as part of any again workout, it would be
    extra suited in the direction of the top of a exercise when your muscular tissues are already exhausted.
    This will produce one of the best benefits and burn from this
    explicit movement. The variety of warm-up sets required
    is decided by the weight you intend to use on your working sets.
    The transversospinales muscle group consists of the multifidus,
    semispinalis, and rotatores muscular tissues beneath the erector
    spinae. They help in back rotation and help you
    bend your spine in varied instructions depending on which side you
    flex.
    Muscles such because the latissimus dorsi—commonly known as "lats"—dominate
    the decrease and center areas of the back, taking half in a huge position in actions involving pulling or rowing actions.
    When you perform a bench press correctly, it’s not simply your
    chest that works; you also engage your again muscle tissue to stabilize your physique all
    through the exercise. Carry Out this train by using a T-bar row handle or placing one finish of
    an Olympic bar into a landmine attachment.
    They’re all barely totally different, and a lot of feature
    several choices for grip width and hand placement, permitting you to assault your lats from distinctive angles.
    He did "corner rows," which suggests setting one end of an Olympic
    bar in a corner. If you do these, you will discover you
    should set a heavy dumbbell across that end in the
    nook or else the bar comes flying off the bottom if you row.

    Most gyms now have dedicated platforms with a sleeve to place 
    the tip of the Olympic bar into that on a hinge to avoid that
    problem. You’re also setting yourself up for a possible muscle tear, but that’s a whole other subject.
    The level is that you want to squeeze the lats as you
    carry and really feel them stretch as you decrease. Research have
    proven that the stretch place of the rep is definitely liable for extra
    of the expansion stimulus than the contraction.
    The first group is too inflexible and limits the amount of overall rigidity
    that can be created, and the second group must stop watching
    do-it-yourself R Kelly videos. There are a few
    ways to make your row more environment friendly,
    secure, and productive. One thing to pay heed to is not allowing your torso to lean back excessively as you pull.
    Stay knowledgeable with the newest information, product evaluations, &
    professional advice. Choopan’s back is noted
    for its grainy texture and deep striations, particularly in the lower again. His muscles are tightly packed, giving him a glance of density
    and control that many competitors find troublesome to match.

    Somewhat than rowing the dumbbell up, you need to pull back in an arc-like
    motion. The means you do a pulldown may even dictate which space of the again is working with the greatest
    amount of pressure. Even although pulldowns are traditionally known to hit the lats, should you're not doing them proper,
    they will do more for the upper back. So hold the slim or neutral grip in thoughts,
    and keep in mind to keep the arm path in front of you.

    When you focus on this execution precept, you'll understand that a row, depending on the way it's performed, can really be a dominant lat movement quite
    than an higher again movement. Numerous row machines can be used to bias the lats rather than the upper back
    if that's what you're wanting to do. The row not only protects the shoulder, it locations all
    of the muscular tissues at stronger medium lengths.
    Located below the middle and decrease trapezius, the rhomboids,
    comprising the most important and minor rhomboid muscles, might not be seen but nonetheless contribute
    to again thickness when adequately developed. You'll need to use a pad
    as a outcome of as the shoulders roll forward, the bar will comply with onto your neck.
    Weights that used to really feel impossibly heavy will start to really feel simply manageable.

    As a vital guideline, begin with a weight that allows
    you to perform 8-12 reps without compromising on your
    method. It’s vital to discover a stability where the final few repetitions are challenging but nonetheless achievable without sacrificing type.
    Perform the Smith Machine Narrow Row with controlled actions, guaranteeing that you simply squeeze your
    shoulder blades collectively on the peak of each repetition for max muscle engagement.
    By using a hammer grip on an incline bench,
    you can successfully isolate and have interaction completely different muscular tissues in your
    higher back. Transitioning from the Leverage Machine Impartial Grip Seated Row to the
    Dumbbell Bent-over Row, this exercise targets your lats, rhomboids, and traps
    whereas engaging your core for stability.
    Creating this space creates a solid foundation that permits balanced lifting strategies, making certain your shoulders, hips, and abdominals work synergistically with one another.

    Additionally, the truth that the back has so many isolated muscles,
    makes isolation work for the back not solely ineffective
    but in addition incredibly time-consuming. Years in the past, the spark of my life’s
    passion ignited in my thoughts the second I stepped into the local gym for the primary
    time. Theoretical information paired seamlessly with sensible experience, reinforcing my perception that the transformation of individuals underneath my steering was additionally a mirrored image of my private progress.
    The distinctive mixture of ardour for my field and the continuous quest for growth
    fuels my drive to interrupt new floor.
    It Is because we all know that given the choice men need to see abs and arms,
    chest and boulder shoulders, not back muscle tissue. But in phrases of working out,
    you must be paying the same attention to again exercises as you do some other muscle group.
    A lot of individuals find that using the narrower
    grip with palms facing in feels extra natural compared to regular overhand lat pulldowns, so it’s definitely an exercise you’ll wish to try out.

    It Is essentially the same movement, but you are not pulling your whole physique weight.

    It’s actually probably the greatest compound movements for gaining size and energy in the again, together with
    the hips and hamstrings. What's extra, if you wish to enhance big
    compound actions just like the deadlift and bench press, a powerful again will assist that,
    too. Construct strength and thickness in your higher back with these rowing train variations.


    Close grip pull-ups, then again, emphasize the rhomboids and center trapezius
    muscle tissue, which are essential for general again thickness and power.
    When it involves constructing a well-developed back, most
    lifters give attention to lat pulldowns, barbell rows, and deadlifts.
    But if you’re serious about full, balanced muscle growth, you can’t
    afford to neglect your rear delts. The rear deltoid fly machine is considered one of the greatest workout routines to
    isolate and strengthen the rear delts, serving to to create a thicker, extra defined higher again while enhancing shoulder
    stability and posture. When it involves building an entire,
    well-developed again, most bodybuilders prioritize
    lat pulldowns, deadlifts, and barbell rows.

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