Čokoláda...

...bola v minulosti považovaná za liek na rôzne neduhy... Na "podozrení", že podnecuje milostné vášne a predlžuje život sa trvá dodnes...

cocco cortez1200x681

- Pôvodnou domovinou kakaovníka bol pravdepodobne tropický prales v povodí Amazonky a Orinoka.

- Veľmi dôležitú úlohu hral kakaovník v náboženskom živote Mayov. Plody kakovníka boli obetovávané pri iniciačných obradoch, svadbách aj pohreboch. Kakaový bôb tu bol považovaný za symbol plodnosti a čokoláda za afrodiziakum. Dobrú úrodu vzácnych kakaových bôbov malo zabezpečiť každoročné obetovanie zajatcov, tí museli vypiť čokoládu, v dôsledku čoho sa ich srdce malo premeniť na kakaový bôb. Mayovia potom srdce mrtvemu vytrhli z tela a ponúkli ho bohom... Okolo roku 1000 prevzali "kakaové posolstvo" Mayov Toltékovia, ktorí začali kakaové bôby používať ako univerzálne platidlo.

- Koncom 13. storočia prenikol na územie severného Mexika kmeň kočovných Aztékov. V blízkosti jazera Texcoco vybudovali slávne mesto Tenochtitlán a plávajúce záhrady. Pestovali kukuricu, melóny, rajčiny, papriku, vanilku a následne aj kakaovník. Naučili sa pražiť a mlieť kakaové bôby a pripravovať z nich výživnú vo vode rozpustnú pastu, ku ktorej pridávali trochu korenia.

- Španieli boli prví Európania, ktorý vďaka svojej zaoceánskej expanzii ochutnali čokoládový nápoj. Dobyvateľ Cortéz poslal na španielsky kráľovský dvor prvé kakaové bôby v roku 1520. V polovici 16. storočia sa stalo pitie čokolády súčasťou bontónu španielského dvora. Čokoláda však bola ešte veľmi vzácna a recept na jej prípravu držali Španieli v tajnosti.

- Európskym osadníkom v Amerike chutila predovšetkým cukrom sladená čokoláda. Nový recept na jej prípravu vymysleli v roku 1550 mníšky v mexickom Chiapas: z drvených kakaových bôbov uvarili husté kakao, ktoré spolu s vanilkou a cukrom rozpustili vo vode. Mnísi do kakaa začali pridávali aj muškátový oriešok. Zistilo sa tiež, že teplá čokoláda je chutnejšia ako studená.

- Veľmi obľúbená sa stala čokoláda u cirkevných hodnostárov, ktorým pomáhala znášať dlhé obdobia pôstu, počas ktorého pili len tekutiny.
- Španielsky kakaový monopol sa skončil začiatkom 17. storočia, keď Talian Carletti začal s výrobou čokolády a ponukou tejto exotickej pochúťky v benátskych a florentských pohostinstvách.

- Do Francúzska prišla čokoláda s manželkou Ľudovíta XIII., Annou Rakúskou. Spočiatku nedôverčiví Francúzi postupne čokoláde doslova podľahli. Čokoláda (jemná, chutná, servírovaná v ušľachtilom porceláne) sa začala piť všade; na promenáde, v záhradách, salónoch, na plesoch aj v opere... Akékoľvek posedenie či duchaplná konverzácia v šľachtických kruhoch boli nemysliteľné bez čokoládového pohostenia.

- V roku 1828 prišli Holanďania s prevratným vynálezom: vďaka lisu na čokoládu sa podarilo oddeliť kakaové maslo od kakaového prášku, čím sa cena čokolády znížila a otvorila sa tak cesta k jej masovej konzumácii.

2 komentárov

  • Komentár bodybuilding no steroids %AM, %27 %234 %2025 %04:%mar napísal bodybuilding no steroids

    In an try to reach a sure weight class, some
    powerlifters devour a food regimen that causes them to put
    on a nice amount of body fat. The weight class you compete in must
    be the category that allows you to carry as a lot muscle mass as possible.
    Regular training with an Atlas stone will build energy in your erectors,
    lats, pecs, rhomboids, and shoulders. Certainly, strongmen are
    strong, but they don’t care a couple of sculpted fat-free body.
    Including extra cardio and mobility work will
    allow a strongman to maintain sharp and preserve muscle mass.

    The much less time to refuel before weighing in, the less weight you
    possibly can safely minimize. The recommendation under assumes
    you have some expertise of competing and managing your
    calories and macronutrients round training.
    Being shredded makes it incredibly troublesome to perform at your
    true potential as a result of an inexpensive amount of body fats gives you a reserve of gas for doing
    really difficult stuff. What any athlete needs to
    keep away from although is dragging around
    a bunch of additional fat that doesn’t contribute to their performance.
    Changes in water and glycogen can occur rapidly, in a matter of days, however you can solely lose a small quantity of weight this way.


    That’s why today we see the likes of Paddy Pimblett do
    big weight cuts leading to a struggle. Some can reduce a lot of weight and make it look straightforward, however it may be like putting themselves through a
    torture camp for others. Before any matchup within the UFC,
    most fighters expertise a grueling weight minimize to lose an extra few
    pounds to make weight on the weigh-ins, solely to rehydrate instantly after and struggle heavier anyway.
    Potentially, an Atomweight or different related weight class could probably be
    added in the future. But there must be enough fighters and
    sufficient demand to assist it. This is simply because there aren’t sufficient energetic female
    fighters to compete persistently on the 145 lbs weight
    vary. Remember if that is your first competition or event, don't water
    minimize.
    About 2-3 hours earlier than the competition is scheduled to begin, you’ll want to eat a light breakfast similar to the day before, but with much less general volume of meals.

    The Catchweight can sometimes be used to rearrange a struggle night time from the beginning, particularly when two
    fighters wish to fight each other but normally weigh in very completely different divisions.
    Whereas there are 9 UFC weight divisions for female and
    male fighters, that’s just one aggressive promotion. Certain, he may even see a slight dip
    in gym efficiency, however it won’t be huge, and it's unlikely to make any
    difference on the day of the occasion. With that have underneath your belt, you’ll have a significantly better idea of what weight class you’ll be best suited to compete in. It’s about the method to safely shift the previous
    few kilos, without compromising your performance during
    your coaching or the competitors itself.
    If you are a novice who’s notably excited about prepping for his or her first show, the sunshine pulling slot is
    my go-to for exposing a lifter to a brand new movement or implement.

    About 4 weeks out from the competition, you can start substituting your
    gentle pull (barbell row or power clean) for one thing you'll
    see in competition. In the case of the power clear, the light pull is supposed to keep the
    expression of energy on pace with the gain in power, but it’s also there to help
    in restoration between hard DL periods. So it’s cheap to substitute this
    slot with one thing that isn’t overly tense however may help to apply something you’ll
    see in competition. If your competitors has an axle, this is a great spot to strive it
    out on some gentle deadlifts or axle cleans.

    If your health club has atlas stones, this may be an acceptable spot to check out your first loading session.
    The newest information for every spherical of America’s Strongest is on its respective page on the Power.Events web site.
    In the occasion that weight lessons are mixed, athletes will need to weigh
    in underneath the weight of the heavier class. A schedule of two to four
    energy training sessions per week is a reasonable starting point for most
    girls. Three sessions a week is ideal for novices, and extra experienced competitors
    will most likely do 4 or five.
    However, you can’t weigh 15% more if you’re competing in the identical weight class,
    which means you need to "lose" an additional 15% of your
    body weight from somewhere. Assuming the top lifters in your class are
    already pretty lean, the only method to shut that 15% gap in weight is to have much less muscle mass.
    Historically, Strongman Company weight classes are in pounds for Native and Nationwide occasions, and in kilograms for International
    occasions.
    He has put out numerous hours of strongman-related content material.

    If something would possibly occur in Strongman, Brian probably
    has a video about it. If you're a robust squatter already, you may need to stay
    away from the back squat, as it will require higher loads and be extra fatiguing than different variations.

  • Komentár safe steroid for muscle Building %PM, %23 %819 %2025 %18:%mar napísal safe steroid for muscle Building

    You’ll present as a lot as Monday’s exercise feeling
    stronger and brisker. Bodybuilders and lifters love and hate Bulgarian split squats.
    They work your quads and glutes by way of an prolonged range of motion and
    torches just about all muscle fibers in your legs. So, whereas the 6-day exercise may be
    productive, it’s impossible to say how soon you’ll begin to see outcomes.
    It could presumably be a few weeks, nevertheless it could additionally be a few months.

    Afterward we will make notes of the way to regulate and progress on your fitness stage.

    Typically speaking, if you’ve been lifting for lower than a yr, you presumably can go weeks of intense lifting earlier than needing a deload.
    If you’ve been lifting for 1 to three years, round 8 weeks
    before needing a deload week. And if you’ve been lifting for 3 to 6+ years, it's usually each 4-6 weeks.


    Even expertly-designed exercise plans don’t work with out motivation and effort.
    You’ll be managing both diet and coaching with a double-barrel shotgun approach.

    We want to give you the opportunity to carve
    out something you haven’t had shortly – a physique that you could be happy with.

    Notice that these do not should be set days, they just provide a
    template. The idea is to exercise 2 days in a row, adopted by a day of rest, followed by 2 extra days of weightlifting which
    is completed with 2 days of relaxation. Since we are bulking
    we need to cater our exercise to not only dimension, but power also.

    And but, regardless of the interest in arm training, many individuals are frustrated by
    their lack of progress. Now, talking to The Impartial, the coach has revealed the exact exercises and coaching methods Graham used to create his imposing new physique.
    Sit at the row machine and use one arm at a time, specializing in squeezing your back muscles as
    you pull the handle towards your torso. Stephen Graham's transformation into bare-knuckle boxer
    Henry ‘Sugar’ Goodson for A Thousand Blows didn’t happen overnight.

    This second exercise starts with massive bulking workout routines, then shifts into simpler workouts on your core and posture.

    The workout sheets let you swap these workouts for muscle-building exercises,
    but when you’re nonetheless relatively new to lifting, I’d keep the exercises as is.
    When Marco was training college, skilled, and
    Olympic athletes, he had most of them on one of these Upper/Lower splits.
    Having two lower-body days per week helps athletes run sooner and bounce larger.

    It helps powerlifters get sturdy at squats and deadlifts.
    And it offers bodybuilders the covetted X-Frame physique, with
    broad shoulders and thick thighs. Full-body exercises also allow you to benefit from supersets, the place you alternate between training different muscle teams.

    Here is a good example of in the future of consuming for someone on a bulking
    plan. This person could be doing their weight coaching session in the
    early night (i.e, 4-6pm), which is when you will be strongest during the day).
    Further calories inevitably comes with a surplus of carbs, which if unused through the day,
    shall be saved for power in the type of fat. There is nothing incorrect with fat, it's good for you,
    so lengthy as you don’t have an excessive quantity of
    of it. So, this is nothing to worry about on a bulk, but ideally, you wish
    to keep the fats increase to a minimal and ensure you are using
    as much of it for power every day. On a extra macro time frame, like 6-12 months, it’s
    actually exhausting to say. You can’t gain muscle non stop because
    you simply can’t train progressively heavier non cease (this
    is why periodization is so important).
    Right Here are the highest benefits of using a full body workout
    training program. Just because you could have "rest" days
    doesn’t imply you don’t do anything. In fact, this
    is the time to get things done that you’ve been putting off.
    If you possibly can put more weight on all of your greater lifts, you could
    not have the power to add weight to the exercises towards the top.
    This is perfectly nice so long as you are
    pushing it to failure.
    In distinction, a break up routine will be a higher choice if you
    want to practice most days of the week. The 6-day cut up can be effective, particularly for intermediate and advanced lifters.
    Nonetheless, intermediate and advanced lifters have largely finished enjoying their fast "newbie positive aspects," so even though this may be a great plan,
    it in all probability won’t produce fast results.

    Missed exercises will unbalance your training week, especially if it is a frequent occurrence.

    Using a meals journal, meals scale, and a meal planning app of some kind are
    necessities for maximizing your muscle progress when bulking.
    On the other hand, if you’re struggling to put on weight, adding extreme cardio to
    your bulking routine makes it even harder. Most people
    who battle to gain weight and muscle on keto don’t eat
    enough because their food regimen is so filling.
    In truth, without creating injury, there is not a reason for
    your physique to respond by building bigger and stronger muscles.
    As Quickly As you might have caused the necessary fiber trauma, it's vitally important to let your body restore it.
    Our level is that putting on mass means taking half in the long recreation. You’ll
    look higher, certain, but additionally, you will be robbing yourself of about 4
    to five kilos of potential muscle mass. As A Substitute, you should expect to realize some body fat together with the muscle
    you’re constructing, with the objective being to maintain these physique fats positive aspects
    to an acceptable minimum. The first exercise of the day in Chris Bumstead's shoulder workout is
    a seated dumbbell shoulder press.
    After a couple months, whenever you take a deload interval
    (or rest week), you presumably can restart the program and switch up the assistance lifts, however
    the big compound lifts ought to stay. While we may have particular assistance lifts
    for you in the plan, these could be altered based in your needs.

    For example, in case your triceps are lagging, you'll have the ability to add one
    other tricep exercise or simply select an exercise that
    you simply feel works greatest for you. Creatine is important for constructing mass and added muscle weight acquire as it will
    increase ATP production, which is power in your muscles.

    Creatine ensures your muscle tissue are fueled to carry heavy weights.


    If your conditioning is poor, don’t get caught on the numbers.
    If you have to add longer resting durations or you'll be able to only dash for 15 seconds, that’s nice.
    If you log your workouts and log your meals intake, you have a operating log
    of what’s working and what isn’t. It’s the distinction between making progress and considering that you’re
    doing one thing mistaken (because you are). Although you can work your
    glutes by walking, operating, and different everyday
    functional actions, there are some exercises that can actually boost booty features.
    Here are nine upper glute workout routines which are sure to make your buns
    burn.
    There’s no value in changing them simply yet… so persist with them and see how a lot you’ve improved since week 2.
    On set one, the burden you select may let you carry out thirteen good
    reps to fatigue. But whenever you come back for the following set,
    you only manage 9. That’s nice – so lengthy as you’re within your rep range you’re doing
    nice. This type of approach leads to huge will increase in muscle mass,
    but as a outcome of the calorie surplus is so high, it can also lead to
    fat mass.
    Look for developments over weeks somewhat than daily fluctuations.

    By No Means marvel the place you must put your restricted time,
    vitality, and energy. Observe your progress, monitor your energy,
    and monitor your exercises.
    I use an angled curl bar for both, using the same load
    for each workouts, bringing all sets to the cusp of failure.

    You can add lateral raises to the superset, turning it into a large set.
    Underhand, neutral-grip, and gymnastic-ring chin-ups do a better job of bringing your arms into the exercise,
    permitting you to go heavier. You can raise your toes to make
    the push-ups tougher. The squat is a good assistance exercise for the deadlift, however
    it’s primarily right here to help your front squat. I like
    low-bar or high-bar squats right here as a outcome of they’re hard in your quads without being as demanding on your
    spinal erectors (which are most likely drained by now).

    Deadlifts are one of the extra dangerous workout routines, prone to enhance your risk of damage if carried out incorrectly.
    Beneath, I’m going to share with you the 5 workout routines best for bulking up.
    Trying for some important workout routines for bulking and bulking quickly?

    This is why, in a bench press for instance, the elbow must be
    instantly under the wrist in order that pressure is instantly utilized.
    There are dozens of workout routines you
    can do for a body part; we had to draw the road somewhere.
    Do the subsequent set when you are capable of do it with equal or
    larger depth [as the one you simply did]. When properly applied,
    this program will work for any age group. These with pre-existing well being conditions
    or accidents might have to select and select workouts based on physical limitations.
    Examine the tempo for each transfer in fine print next to each exercise.

    It’s virtually unimaginable to get well from marathon training periods whenever you do them every single day.
    For instance, as a end result of you may have in the
    future per week to concentrate on each muscle group, you may spend 90 minutes training your chest.
    You do exercise after exercise and set after set, annihilating your muscles in the process.

    The dumbbell bench press is another great carry on your chest.
    It’s a compound carry, but it does a greater job of emphasizing
    the pecs. It’s also nice for getting a deep stretch
    on your pecs on the bottom of the range of motion, which
    is fantastic for constructing muscle. You’ll once more employ a reverse pyramid scheme of reps, though in Week 2 you’ll go slightly greater in reps (15) in your third set of every train. You’ll start
    the program with a full-body training cut up, meaning you’ll prepare all main bodyparts in each workout
    (as against "splitting up" your training). Train three days this first week,
    performing just one exercise per bodypart in every session. The leg press
    permits you to use heavy masses in comparison with the squat,
    however you’re not within the health club to maneuver as much weight as attainable.

    If you possibly can give consideration to getting stronger with the above workouts and eat
    sufficient energy, you will also get larger in all
    the right locations. Quantity refers to the total variety of units and
    reps you problem your muscle tissue with every week. As you'll find a way to see, you possibly can eat an additional 500 calories of "healthy fats" by eating a lot of "heart-healthy" fats like nuts or
    including more olive oil to your meals.
    However as more and more research turns into
    obtainable we notice you could get jacked at any rep
    range. It’s not a lot about how heavy the weight is, but how a
    lot metabolic by-product you construct up. Creating a stimulus to create
    harm to muscle cells may be accomplished in numerous methods.
    When you carry weights you stress these practical items and injury them.
    They look like this because these fibers are made up of filaments organized like
    rope that are organised into functional models known as sarcomeres.

    And as the person filaments wrap around each other they type the strains that
    give your muscles their stripy look. If you were to strip the pores and skin out of your body and have
    a glance at these muscles, you’s see that they are
    organised into totally different fibers.
    Feel free to change up the days to cater to your schedule.

    Get Enough Recovery – This routine is a three day routine because you have to recuperate between days to actually see any progress.

    You can beat down your physique every day in the health club but when you don't recover properly, you are
    simply spinning your wheels. Once you’re finished lifting,
    bounce onto a machine and perform a high-intensity interval workout.
    Verify out the link should you don’t know what a HIIT
    workout is, but beneath is an easy 15-minute
    routine that would work nicely.
    Every session you’ll be changing the rep vary and depth, however keeping the quantity excessive.
    This method you’ll be targeting a variety of muscle fibers and improve muscle gains.

    Using progressive overload ideas will permit you to keep pushing the
    boundaries of muscle mass and power. Keep monitoring your progress
    – as quickly as a weight is beginning to feel lighter and simpler,
    increase it. Getting eight hours of sleep per night time is crucial for growth-hormone
    launch. "A nap every day in addition is even higher if you will get it," Bruno provides.

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