Plánujete si letnú dovolenku?

Napísal Poradenská spoločnosť Accace 04. máj 2012

Plán dovoleniek je na dohode medzi zamestnávateľom a zamestnancom. Prinášame praktické informácie o nárokoch zamestnancov a zamestnávateľov pri čerpaní dovolenky.


Pre lepšie a jasnejšie vysvetlenie predstavuje ilustračné príklady.
Podľa Zákonníka práce vzniká každému zamestnancovi, po odpracovaní aspoň 60 dní v kalendárnom roku, nárok na základnú výmeru dovolenky, prípadne na jej pomernú časť. Základná výmera dovolenky sú štyri týždne.

Novinka pre 33-ročných zamestnancov
Dovolenka zamestnanca, ktorý do konca príslušného roka dovŕši 33 rokov veku, je päť týždňov. Prvýkrát sa táto byrokracia odbúrala pri dovolenke za rok 2012. Pred novelou zákonníka práce (september 2011) musel zamestnanec predložiť potvrdenia o tom, že po dovŕšení 18-teho roku veku odpracoval aspoň 15 rokov.

„Zamestnanci už nemusia predkladať zápočtové listy a iné potvrdenia, ak chcú vyšší nárok na dovolenku. Každý zamestnanec, ktorý v príslušnom roku dovŕši 33 rokov, má automaticky nárok na
5 týždňov dovolenky,“
uviedla Monika Kubincová, Špecialista a metodik miezd Accace.

Kedy máte nárok na dodatkovú dovolenku?
Okrem základnej výmery dovolenky za kalendárny rok je zamestnávateľ povinný poskytnúť pri určitých prácach aj dodatkovú dovolenku. Nárok na dodatkovú dovolenku je v dĺžke jedného týždňa a má na ňu nárok zamestnanec, ktorý pracuje počas celého kalendárneho roka pod zemou pri ťažbe nerastov alebo pri razení tunelov a štôlní, a zamestnanec, ktorý vykonáva zvlášť ťažké alebo zdraviu škodlivé práce (napríklad: trvale pracuje v zariadeniach, kde sa ošetrujú chorí s nákazlivou formou tuberkulózy). Nárok na dodatkovú dovolenku má aj zamestnanec, ktorý pracuje len časť kalendárneho roka. Patrí mu za každých 21 takto odpracovaných dní jedna dvanástina dodatkovej dovolenky.

„Za nevyčerpanú dodatkovú dovolenku nie je možné poskytnú náhradu mzdy. Táto dovolenka sa musí vyčerpať, a to prednostne,“ uviedla Monika Kubincová.

Koľko zarobíte pri čerpaní dovolenky
Výpočet mzdy pri čerpaní dovolenky je náročnejší a nie je univerzálny, preto neuvádzame konkrétne sumy. Platí však, že za vyčerpanú dovolenku patrí zamestnancovi náhrada mzdy v sume jeho priemerného zárobku.

Príklad 1: Termín dovolenky konzultujte so zamestnávateľom čo najskôr

Chceme využiť last minute ponuku a ísť na dovolenku k moru. Ako dlho vopred musím informovať zamestnávateľa o čerpaní dovolenky?
Dobu čerpania dovolenky určuje zamestnávateľ podľa plánu dovoleniek. Vo všeobecnosti platí, že úprava v pláne dovoleniek je na dohode medzi zamestnávateľom a zamestnancom. Pravidlo je, čím skôr, tým lepšie. Určite neplaťte za dovolenku skôr, ako si nie ste istí, že vás zamestnávateľ uvoľní z práce.

Príklad 2: Ak vám zamestnávateľ zruší dovolenku, dohodnite si výšku náhrad

Som na dovolenke a zamestnávateľ ma z nej odvolal. Moja rodina má pokazenú dovolenku. Aké odškodné či preplatenie nákladov môžem požadovať?
Zamestnávateľ je povinný nahradiť zamestnancovi všetky náklady, ktoré mu vznikli z dôvodu zmeny čerpania dovolenky. Ak v praxi vznikne situácia, kedy zamestnanec musí zmeniť termín čerpania dovolenky, zvykne sa zamestnávateľ so zamestnancom dohodnúť na výške náhrady.

Príklad 3: Zamestnávateľ má právo zamietnuť váš termín dovolenky

Môj zamestnávateľ mi odmietol dať dovolenku, lebo moji kolegovia už majú sľúbenú dovolenku v tom istom období ako potrebujem aj ja. Má na to nárok? Ako mám postupovať?
Dobu čerpania dovolenky určuje zamestnávateľ podľa plánu dovoleniek. Ak viete termín, kedy by ste chceli mať dovolenku, neodkladajte jej nahlásenie. Zamestnávateľ má právo zamietnuť vám dovolenku.

Príklad 4: S prenesením dovolenky do ďalšieho roka nie je problém

Koľko dní dovolenky si môžem preniesť do druhého roka, keď som ju nestihol vyčerpať. Mám to so zamestnávateľom nejako špeciálne konzultovať?
Ak si zamestnanec nevyčerpal vzniknutý nárok tohoročnej dovolenky, má možnosť si ju vyčerpať v nasledujúcom roku. Nemusíte o tom zamestnávateľa informovať, automaticky vám ju prenesie. Skontrolovať si to môžete na výplatnej páske.

Príklad 5: Dovolenka v skúšobnej dobe

Som zamestnaná len 1 mesiac, ale chcela by som ísť na dovolenku. Som v skúšobnej dobe. Ako to mám vyriešiť?
Zamestnávateľ môže poskytnúť zamestnancovi dovolenku, aj keď zamestnancovi na ňu ešte nevznikol nárok. Poskytuje sa vtedy, ak je predpoklad, že do konca kalendárneho roka mu nárok vznikne. Ak zamestnanec nastúpil ku koncu roka, nevznikne mu dostatočný nárok na dovolenku.

Aj pre takýchto zamestnancov je tu možnosť. Môžu požiadať o neplatené voľno. Za obdobie neplateného voľna zamestnanec nedostane mzdu. Napriek tomu to veľa zamestnancov využíva. Nevýhodou je, že zamestnanec je povinný uhradiť za tieto dni poistné zdravotnej poisťovni.

Príklad 6: Preplatenie dovolenky

V akých prípadoch si môžem dať vyplatiť nevyčerpanú dovolenku?

Zákonník práce umožňuje preplatenie nevyčerpanej dovolenky v dvoch prípadoch:

  1. V prípade, že sa zamestnancovi skončil pracovný pomer a  nestihol si vyčerpať dovolenku, na ktorú mu vznikol nárok. Nevyčerpaná dovolenka sa mu vyplatí spolu s poslednou mzdou.
  2. Sú prípady, keď má zamestnanec nevyčerpanú minuloročnú dovolenku nad 4 týždne, ak si ju do konca decembra nevyčerpá, dni dovolenky nad 4 týždne sa mu preplatia.

Napríklad: Zamestnanec má minuloročnú dovolenku 23 dní, do konca tohto roka si ju nevyčerpal. Zamestnávateľ mu preplatí dovolenku nad 20 dní, čiže 3 dni dovolenky spolu s decembrovou výplatou.

Zdroj: Poradenská spoločnosť Accace, ktorá na Slovensku pôsobí v oblasti spracovania miezd, outsourcingu účtovníctva a daňového poradenstva

1 Komentár

  • Komentár mytaxbizz.com %PM, %22 %984 %2025 %22:%mar napísal mytaxbizz.com

    At the 2009 Rocky Mountain Regional Skip Miller organized, he programmed
    a exercise that required a total of 7,000 lb. To
    be snatched overhead, while the loads had been left up to
    the athletes. And muscle-snatched the burden to a hard-earned victory.
    He muscle-snatched roughly 50 of the reps before having to switch to a extra conventional energy snatch.
    The muscle-snatch rep was a lot quicker than the standard power-snatch rep.

    The conventional strategy to the Oly lifts is to use these movements to develop explosive
    pace and energy. They have actually been proven efficient
    for that objective, and one of the best outcomes are found with shorter units.

    High-rep muscle snatches at some point normally morph
    into something like an influence snatch, the place the
    athlete re-dips to catch the load. The difference here—and this is the
    distinction that makes it extra efficient—is that the ft do not change
    place; i.e. the pulling position and the receiving position are the identical.
    This strategy is quicker than a conventional energy snatch as a outcome of it eliminates reset time, but it’s slower
    than the muscle snatch. The power snatch with stationary toes is much less taxing
    than the muscle snatch and may be higher for long-term use in a workout.

    Doing unilateral actions helps promote muscle symmetry,
    which prevents points similar to overuse accidents over the lengthy term.

    B. Squat down and position hands with a snatch grip (wide enough so that, when standing with straight arms, the bar sits in hip crease).
    The main function of weightlifting is to build muscle and power.
    If you are seeking to train muscle tissue and construct
    power, mastering the snatch is a great objective.
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    works with strength and conditioning coaches on periodization training and lifting approach.
    This variation of the raise could be carried out for
    3 units of three reps. The movement is now beginning to appear to be a
    full raise.
    As Quickly As you're feeling confident with the motion, try this
    15-minute CrossFit companion workout, which options the dumbbell snatch.
    E. When the dumbbell passes chest top, drop underneath the load to land in 1 / 4 squat, elbow
    fully locked out. D. As the dumbbell passes hip top, explosively extend hips
    while shrugging shoulder up toward ear. C. Straighten legs whereas pulling the dumbbell
    off the bottom, up alongside the entrance of the physique. E.
    When the barbell brushes towards mid-thighs, drive hips forward (allowing
    toes to leave the ground).
    CrossFitters are definitely interested in explosive energy and pace
    and will prepare low-rep Oly lifts. But true general physical preparedness (GPP) requires that we not
    pursue them to the exclusion of the opposite domains of fitness.
    Including high-rep snatch (and clean) exercises has a broader purpose than training solely energy and speed.
    As Soon As you nail the power snatch damaged down above, you'll be able
    to try the barbell squat snatch. For the squat snatch, somewhat than catching the barbell overhead with your legs in a quarter squat, you will catch
    it within the backside of your squat, and then press the bar
    overhead when you get up. It is commonly thought that optimal
    approach for 1RM work and high-rep work is equivalent.
    Properly, perhaps not, or maybe it’s extra accurate to say that possibly the physics are different at gentle hundreds.


    They're one of many major movers of knee flexion and extension, which is the chief mechanic in squats.
    What is the Most Common Drawback When Squat Snatching? A frequent drawback when squat snatching is an early arm bend, which might cut back the facility of the raise.

    The key concept behind the snatch stability is driving up and alter
    path to drive down. More athletic athletes will show their athleticism
    by dropping instantly. Extra likely athletes will drive up, change course, and catch the bar in a quarter squat.

    "The movement requires a ton of stability, which means your core has to enter overdrive to maintain you balanced and managed as you progress the load," says Wickham.

    Past just strengthening your abs, a powerful core is
    crucial for good posture and steadiness, and may help you raise, throw, kick, punt,
    and punch far and powerfully. A snatch, or squat snatch, is a technical, superior
    weightlifting movement. It’s a move in style with CrossFit and Olympic athletes.
    From the hip, lower the bar all the method down to where it might be hovering over the
    ground as if plates have been on it.
    Lumbar curve is maintained as the athlete passes via a positioning
    pull and comes to full extension, all of the while creating speed and elevation on the bar.
    The athlete then quickly adjustments direction to
    receive the bar in an overhead-squat place. You can spend a lifetime training this motion and
    by no means perfect it, however that alone is no cause to avoid putting this article down right now and making an attempt
    a couple of reps with a broomstick in your garage. Train the squat snatch often, and
    don’t be afraid to look like a beginner in this movement.

    When we bring in new athletes, we'd spend thirty to forty minutes every single day for a month
    honing in on snatch technique. We find that the earlier we have athletes performing the full lift,
    the quicker they start to regulate and learn because they become extra coordinated and aware of what's going on. A key side behind the muscle
    snatch is it makes it simple for the athletes to feel the turnover within the shoulders.
    The turnover within the shoulders permits the
    athlete to then get down into the overhead squat.

    B) Squat down and position arms at snatch grip (wide sufficient so the bar sits in hip crease when standing upright
    with arms straight). It’s also good to have the flexibility to swap from the muscle snatch
    to the stationary energy snatch, simply as Chan did in Regional competition. Being in a place to acknowledge you’re losing the muscle snatch and understanding when to transition to the
    facility snatch may be key to moving by way of the reps shortly.

    Be A Part Of our mailing listing to start receiving unique content material only our e-newsletter
    members have access to. Studying method is best learned from a top-down perspective.
    A second thing that can be carried out, and slightly ridiculous,
    is to put two fists over the lifter’s head and see if the bar sits there
    over the head. Starting the squat from the underside (from security pins or blocks) emphasizes the concentric section and helps to power via sticking factors.
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    The strength you build in a squat will carry over into the deadlift.
    The similar might be true for carryover from a deadlift to a
    squat, but not to the same extent. The glutes and
    hamstrings are the principle drivers in pushing to extend the hips.

    Athletes need to squeeze the spine, utilizing their scaps, rhomboids, and rear delts.
    All the information given within the articles regarding workout programming, separate workout routines, and
    athletic efficiency, generally, is predicated on verified knowledge.
    To maximize outcomes, it’s crucial to periodically infuse
    these techniques and workouts into your regimen. They won't only break the
    monotony but additionally push your boundaries, guaranteeing that you just proceed to see gains in energy, endurance, and muscle development.

    Making Certain proper timing and method is key to overcoming
    this issue. The squat snatch is an Olympic carry the place you raise a barbell from the bottom
    to overhead in one continuous movement whereas dropping into a squat.
    It tests your strength, speed, flexibility, and coordination. These
    two items could be completed in LESS THAN two minutes
    and you will be lots warm. Additionally, if these drills are done
    daily (and correctly), you must see great gains in developing proficiency in the snatch and overhead squat.
    F. End the movement by straightening knees and hips totally
    earlier than initiating one other repetition. "Anybody who's keen to place in the work to learn the snatch can reap the mobility and strength benefits of the moment," says Wickham.


    The barbell snatch is one of the most technically advanced
    weight-training movements and one of many
    two lifts in Olympic weightlifting competitions.

    The squat snatch is right for maximizing the loads dealt with.

    Many track-and-field and ball-sports athletes
    practice the facility snatch and energy clean completely to give consideration to the pulling phases without as a lot concern for the receiving part.

    Traditionally, the snatch has been utilized in very low-repetition sets.

    CrossFit, although, has seen nice benefit from high-repetition snatch (and clean) sets.

    The weight hits the overhead place and also you primarily pull it again to the bottom while maintaining
    your grip on the bar all through. This could be very demanding as a outcome of it allows little time for relaxing or breathing.
    This technique is greatest used with a fast move like
    the muscle snatch or power snatch with no adjustment of ft.
    If you are going to squat snatch or cut up snatch, you may wish to have
    a glance at a variety of the different choices.

    For a high-rep snatch exercise with a conventional energy snatch strategy, we
    end up seeing feet starting at hip width and touchdown at shoulder width.
    The athlete then stands to full extension and resets the feet as (or after) he or she
    brings the burden down. As Quickly As the bar is on the
    bottom, the athlete repeats the method.
    Before you pick up a weighted barbell, it is a good idea to maneuver
    by way of the motion with an empty barbell, PVC pipe,
    or broomstick to excellent your form. Under, tips on how to do an influence
    snatch in CrossFit, step by step, according to Milgram and Rouse.
    Under, you'll study the advantages of all the snatches workout moves — plus tips
    on how to do each snatch CrossFit variation you see
    in all those WODs. For newbies, strikes like kettlebell swings and
    bounce squats are good coaching for a snatch.

    Improperly performing a snatch can result in injuries like
    pulled muscular tissues and hyperextension of joints.
    Improper form includes a grip or foot stance that is too
    extensive or too slender, using the wrong grip, extending the body too early,
    or not extending the knees and hips together. "The snatch can also assist build power, explosiveness, speed, body awareness, and coordination," says Rouse.

    As Wickham says, "Just think about how highly effective your legs have to be and the way shortly you must move to get a heavy barbell overhead."
    A approach that’s slower than the earlier method can be bringing the weight down to the hold position (around the hip area), then bringing it to the
    deck.
    These skeletal muscular tissues let you move your
    arms and insulate your shoulder joint. The quadriceps
    muscular tissues are at the entrance of your thigh.
    Quad muscle tissue help knee stability, flex your hips, and
    are involved with posture, stability, and gait.
    Quads maintain the physique stabilized and create the facility wanted
    to hoist the barbell.
    Whereas a full snatch includes the bar ranging
    from the bottom, the hang snatch includes beginning a rep with the burden someplace between your knee and hip, says Milgram.
    The barbell power snatch detailed above is a full
    energy snatch. Nevertheless, if you started that movement
    at mid-thigh (rather than the floor) and "caught" the
    burden in a quarter squat, it might be a hold power snatch.
    Find out tips on how to do mainly any of the snatches workout moves you may
    encounter in CrossFit, including energy snatches, squat snatches, and cut up snatches with barbells, dumbbells, and kettlebells.
    With the standing snatch presses accomplished, we are going to then have the
    athlete widen their ft slightly to the place the feet will slide to
    in the catch of the total motion.
    We are receiving the barbell excessive in the energy snatch position (as against the squat snatch), after which practicing a deeper receiving position with the overhead squat.

    The goal is for the talents of this complex to transfer over to the later
    minutes on this workout. The snatch may be very unlike workouts such because the hamstring curl
    and biceps curl, which only work one muscle group at a time.
    "The snatch is a complex and dynamic movement that engages nearly each muscle group in the body," says Rebecca Rouse, a USA weightlifter,
    kettlebell coach, and NCSF-certified private trainer.
    Yep, tossing a weight from the bottom up over your head engages
    your hamstrings, quads, glutes, calves, traps,
    shoulders, triceps, forearms, biceps, and whole core.
    The hanging squat snatch includes starting with the barbell above the knees quite than on the ground.
    From this position, you perform the same explosive pull, catch, and squat actions
    as in an everyday squat snatch.
    The huge factor is educating athletes to know the change of path, coordinating the end into
    the catch. Some coaches spend ten to fifteen minutes doing
    this. A third approach to set up the grip, particularly with massive
    groups of athletes, is to just inform them to place their ring fingers on the
    rings after which regulate from there. Alter the pace of your reps to emphasize different phases of the carry.

    For instance, a tempo means 4 seconds down, no pause,
    and 1 second up. By alternating between power, energy, and approach drills, this program guarantees to invigorate your squat
    game. Once you're a grasp snatcher and ready to check out the split
    snatch, watch this CrossFit cut up snatch video.


    Below, you'll study the benefits of the exercise—plus tips
    on how to do do every snatch variation featured in CrossFit WODs.
    Total, Samuel emphasizes that this shouldn't be a case
    of solely doing considered one of these workout routines frequently.
    Your emphasis could be a matter of preference—but if you
    would like to be actually strong, you'll make time for each.

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