Zamietnutie reklamácie z dôvodu mechanického poškodenia

Napísal Silvia Čakajdová 18. február 2025

Hoci sa spotrebitelia v praxi stretnú s rôznymi dôvodmi zamietnutia reklamácie, obchodníci môžu pristúpiť k tomuto kroku len na základe zákonných dôvodov. Svoje zamietavé stanovisko tak často odôvodňujú mechanickým poškodením veci.

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Akú vadu je možné reklamovať a ako sa môžete brániť v prípade, že zamietnutie reklamácie nepovažujete za oprávnené?

Aký nedostatok reklamovať?

Chybný tovar je možné reklamovať, pokiaľ sa nedostatok prejavil počas dvoch rokov od prevzatia tovaru. Tovar je vadný, pokiaľ nespĺňa akosť pri prevzatí. „Predávajúci zodpovedá kupujúcemu za to, že tovar pri prevzatí nemá žiadne nedostatky,“ vysvetľuje Eduarda Hekšová, riaditeľka spotrebiteľskej organizácie dTest, a dodáva: „To znamená, že predávajúci zodpovedá najmä za to, že tovar vyhovuje očakávaným a dohodnutým vlastnostiam, napríklad s ohľadom na jeho popis, druh, množstvo, ďalej tiež, že je vhodný na účel, na ktorý sa zvyčajne používa, a že bol dodaný s príslušenstvom, obalom, návodom na použitie či montáž.“

V praxi však najčastejšie pôjde o nevhodne zvolený materiál veci či inú chybu vo výrobnom procese. Naopak, nemožno reklamovať bežné opotrebenie či vadu, ktorú si spotrebiteľ spôsobil sám, napríklad svojou nešikovnosťou, tým, že s vecou zachádzal v rozpore s návodom alebo nedodržiaval pokyny predajcu ohľadom údržby. „Ak si napríklad zakúpite hodinky, ktoré nie sú vodotesné, pôjdete si v nich zaplávať a hodinky sa pokazia, predajca je pri preukázateľnom vniknutí vody oprávnený zamietnuť reklamáciu, práve z dôvodu mechanického poškodenia,“ uvádza riaditeľka dTestu.

Ako preukázať, že je vec chybná?

Ak sa vada prejaví do uplynutia doby, počas ktorej predávajúci zodpovedá za vady (2 roky), predpokladá sa, že ide o vadu, ktorú mala vec už v čase dodania. To neplatí len v prípade, že sa preukáže opak alebo ak je tento predpoklad nezlučiteľný s povahou veci alebo vady. Na vyvrátenie domnienky, že tovar bol vadný už v čase dodania, podľa nášho názoru nestačí len konštatovanie o mechanickom poškodení tovaru. Naopak, zamietnutie reklamácie z tohto dôvodu bude nutné náležite odôvodniť a prípadne podložiť príslušnou dokumentáciou,“ upozorňuje Eduarda Hekšová a dopĺňa: „V opačnom prípade nie je reklamácia riadne vybavená a spotrebiteľ tak môže odstúpiť od zmluvy alebo požadovať primeranú zľavu z ceny.“

V prípade reklamácie už spomínaných hodiniek by teda takéto zamietnutie reklamácie malo obsahovať aj vyjadrenie napríklad servisu, kde by bolo podrobne popísané, ako servis dospel k názoru, že si vadu spotrebiteľ spôsobil sám.

Príkladom mechanického poškodenia tovaru môže byť napríklad spadnutie vázy na zem a následné prasknutie, poškriabanie mobilu ostrým predmetom či rozliatie kávy na počítač.

Ako sa dá brániť?

Ak spotrebiteľ s dôvodom zamietnutia či odôvodnením nesúhlasí, jednou z možností je vyhľadať súdneho znalca a nechať si spracovať znalecký posudok. Zoznam znalcov môžete nájsť na webe Justice.gov.sk. Ďalšou možnosťou je získať odborné stanovisko od akreditovanej alebo autorizovanej osoby. Ak vyjde znalecký posudok alebo odborné stanovisko vo váš prospech, odporúčame obrátiť sa znovu na predávajúceho a rozporovať vybavenie reklamácie práve s odkazom na znalecký posudok. Predávajúci v takom prípade nemôže odmietnuť zodpovednosť za vadu. „Ak sa ukáže, že pôvodná reklamácia bola odôvodnená, cenu znaleckého posudku a odborného stanoviska môžete požadovať od predajcu ako účelne vynaložený náklad,“ uzatvára Eduarda Hekšová z dTestu.

Zdroj foto: Freepik

1 Komentár

  • Komentár Jann %AM, %21 %335 %2025 %07:%mar napísal Jann

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    Stand up explosively and use this momentum that
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    Hold a barbell with an overhand, slightly wider than shoulder-width grip in front of your thighs.

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    if accomplished accurately, the dumbbell lateral raise
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    The seated barbell shoulder press is the king of shoulder workouts.
    The barbell shoulder press primarily targets the deltoids,
    particularly the anterior deltoids (front). It additionally works the lateral deltoids (middle) however to a
    lesser extent than the entrance shoulders. To do the face pull, connect
    a rope attachment to the pulley of a lat pulldown station.
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    routines, it’s also worked if you train your chest. Your deltoids, or delts for brief, are your main shoulder muscular tissues.

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    While there's nothing mistaken with dumbbell lateral raises, cables hold constant rigidity in your
    muscles, which may produce better hypertrophic results and a extra intense pump.
    This exercise works finest as a high-rep finisher, e.g., reps, so
    you really feel the burn. Many so-called functional health consultants are very fast to throw shade
    on the shoulder press machine.
    The shoulder press, or overhead press, is often ignored in a muscle-building
    program in favor of shoulder isolation exercises. Because shoulder
    urgent is highly fatiguing, you’re already urgent typically when training the chest.
    Further, you can’t isolate any of the three muscle
    heads to maximise development. In this exercise, you'll do them before the other
    two, whilst you have a bit more vitality within the tank.
    Feel free to rearrange the order of the single-joint strikes based mostly on your weaknesses, though.
    If you judge your delts to be fairly balanced, simply
    rotate the order of the single-joint movements from one exercise to the next.

    As with the opposite shoulder exercises, start off with a lightweight weight, as you’ll slowly but surely really feel more and more fatigued as you're employed your way via the repetitions.
    The dumbbell shoulder press primarily works the entrance deltoids.
    By utilizing dumbbells, you drive both sides of the muscle
    to work independently whereas additionally recruiting the stabilizer muscular tissues of the shoulder joint.
    Constructing robust, well-defined shoulders is essential to reaching
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    rocking a t-shirt or dressed up in a go properly with. Instead, you wish to elevate your arms keeping them straight with palms facing the floor, and carry them
    out to the aspect by initiating the contraction from the
    deltoids.
    Begin position is together with your arms slightly more than shoulder width aside on the bar, palms going through forward.
    Then decrease the load to approximately shoulder height before starting once more.
    As A Result Of of this, you could develop a shoulder imbalance with out a minimum
    of some rear delt workouts in your workouts. That doesn’t mean anything is particularly mistaken with isolation exercises like the dumbbell lateral
    increase or front raises. Strengthen your shoulders, arms, and a contact of the higher
    back with upright rows. The hand place for upright rows is exclusive and can feel completely different for everybody.
    A wider grip limits the quantity of inside rotation of
    the shoulders.
    The most necessary factor to remember about your shoulders is your skeletal construction. If you want to set this up as a workout,
    here’s a plan for you. Grab a strap in each hand and lean back spreading your arms to your sides.

    Whereas doing this remember to keep the elbows slightly bent the whole time.
    Open your arms in an arch-like path, aiming to deliver your hands up
    and out to your sides. One Other exercise that you can perform with basic household items is the regular bent-over reverse
    fly. Get down on the ground on all fours and raise your hips up
    into the same old downward dog place.
    The weight used should trigger you to reach muscular failure someplace within your chosen rep vary.
    We love them as a result of you have to use so much selection when busting out some sets.
    A simple slight lean ahead can change the feeling of the exercise.

    Who doesn't need shoulders that look like they may carry the
    world? Carry the dumbbells vertically till they're according to your collar bone, with your elbow pointing towards the ceiling.
    He spends his free time on the gym, on his surfboard or
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