8 najväčších mýtov o saunovaní

Napísal Karolína Křenková 24. november 2016

Hoci má saunovanie korene vo Fínsku, kde dnes môžete navštíviť viac ako 3,3 milióna sáun, popularita klasickej fínskej sauny sa rozrástla po celom svete a spoločne s ďalšími alternatívami patrí už k štandardom väčšiny wellness centier aj u nás.

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O saunovaní však stále panujú mýty a polopravdy, kvôli ktorým si ľudia jej návštevu odopierajú alebo od nej očakávajú nesplniteľné. Zoznámte sa s tými najčastejšími omylmi.

Mýtus č. 1: Čím dlhšie v saune vydržíte, tým má väčší účinok na zdravie
Optimálna teplota fínskej sauny je 95 °C. Táto teplota pôsobí v krátkodobom horizonte na telo priaznivo, pri neprimerano dlhom kontakte si ale, naopak, môžete spôsobiť fatálne zdravotné následky. Organizmus si totiž môžete prehriať a dehydrovať alebo si spôsobiť abnormálnu činnosť srdca. V prípade dospelých preto existuje odporučený limit približne 15 minút, počas ktorých by ste sa v saune mali zdržať. Vždy ale záleží na vašom aktuálnom stave, nie je hanba odísť zo sauny skôr.

č. 2: Sauna nebezpečne zaťažuje srdc
V saune sa cievy rozťahujú a rozosielajú po celom tele väčšie množstvo krvi. Tým sa posilňujú, získavajú väčšiu elasticitu a zaisťujú správne fungovanie krvného obehu. Vďaka tomu sa znižuje aj riziko vzniku kardiovaskulárnych chorôb. Rýchle pôsobenie intenzívneho tepla na srdce a cievy je tak zdraviu prospešné, pri pravidelnom opakovaní sa krvný tlak dokonca môže dostať do prirodzenej hladiny. Ak sa dodržujú stanovené pravidlá o odporúčanej dĺžke saunovania, je táto kúra pre zdravých jedincov bezpečná.

Mýtus č. 3: Sauna je len pre dospelých, pre deti je nevhodná
Saunovanie detí u nás síce zatiaľ nie je tak obvyklé ako napríklad v Škandinávii, ale pozitívne účinky má aj na detský organizmus. Deti môžu začať navštevovať saunu zhruba od 3 rokov v sprievode rodičov. „Pre deti sa používajú väčšinou špeciálne detské sauny, v ktorých je teplota znížená na približne 65 °C, je ale možné využiť aj klasickú saunu pre dospelých. V tej by dieťa malo sedieť v najnižších poschodiach, kde je teplota nižšia. Rozdielna je v porovnaní s dospelými aj dĺžka pobytu v saune. Dieťa by malo zortvať v rozmedzí maximálne 3 až 8 minút. Ochladzovanie po saune by potom malo prebiehať vlažnou vodou,“ hovorí Petr Pavlacký, riaditeľ akvaparku Aqualand Moravia v susednej Českej republike, ktorý pravidelne usporiadava detské saunovanie a každú nedeľu od 11:30 aj detské saunové ceremoniály.

Mýtus č. 4: Saunovanie v plavkách nie je problém, nahota nie je nevyhnutná
Návšteva sauny v nahote má svoj hygienický aj zdravotný dôvod. Na tele sa totiž pôsobením tepla kondenzuje voda a pot obsahujúci toxické látky, ktoré cez látku nemajú kam unikať. Vzniká tu aj vlhkosť, v ktorej sa ľahšie množia baktérie. Ak si na sebe necháte plavky, môže sa okrem toho povrch vašej kože napríjemne podráždiť. Zakrytá pokožka navyše pdoporuje termoreguláciu tela, čím sa zhoršuje prehriatie a sauna nemá taký efekt.

Mýtus č. 5: Do sauny je ideálne vyraziť hneď po športe
Sauna síce uvoľňuje svaly a skľudňuje telo, ale bezprostredne po športovom výkone sa sauna neodporúča. Telo totiž nie je dostatočne prirodzene zregenerované, vylučovaním potu je dehydrované, krvný obeh pracuje na maximum. A sauna tieto prejavy znásobuje. „Pauza medzi športovou aktivitou a návštevou sauny by mala byť aspoň 30 minút. Vyplniť čas môžete napríklad pobytom v bazéne s termálnou vodou, ktorá uvoľňuje napätie svalov a kĺbov a má na ne masážne účinky,“ odporúča Petr Pavlacký, riaditeľ akvaparku Aqualand Moravia, kde ľudia môžu využiť bazén s termálnou vodou z miestneho termálneho vrtu. „Návštevníci najviac využívajú fínsku saunu, v ktorej prebiehajú štyrikrát týždenne čoraz viac obľúbené saunové ceremoniály. Kto, naopak, chce vyskúšať extrémny chlad, môže skúsiť našu kryokomoru,“ doplnil Pavlacký.

Mýtus č. 6: Saunovanie je najlepším riešením, ako zahnať chrípku, angínu a ďalšie virózy
Saunovanie je vhodné ako prevencia, ale nie ako liečba. Pri chorobe sa má síce človek vypotiť, to však platí pre posteľ, nie saunu. Extrémne teplo totiž prejavy choroby zhoršuje. To znamená, že pri horúčke sa teplota tela ešte zvýši, upchané nosné dutiny bolia ešte viac. Saunovanie nie je možné kombinovať ani s liekmi, ktoré pacienti pri ochorení obvykle konzumujú. Sauna je tiež vynikajúcim prostredím na šírenie baktérií a vírusov, nielen kvôli vlhku, ale aj kvôli malému priestoru, v ktorom je ľahké ochorenie rozšíriť kvapôčkovou cestou.

Mýtus č. 7: Sauna pomáha rýchlejšie schudnúť
Podľa odborníkov je možné samotným suanovaním zhodiť len zhruba 300 kalórií. Neubúda pri ňom totiž tuk, ale vyparuje sa voda, ktorá je v tele zastúpená bohatým množstvom. Tá sa však vráti hneď, ako sa napijete alebo najete. Na druhej strane je pravdou, že saunovanie zbavuje toxínov, ktoré sú príčinou usadzovania tuku v podkoží, a posilňuje metabolizmus, čo je dôležitým krokom v procese chudnutia. Samotné zhadzovanie kíl je ale viac otázkou dlhodobej aktivity.

Mýtus č. 8: Alkohol a cigarety saunovaniu nevadia
Vadia. Alkohol totiž rozširuje cievy a dehydruje, čo je v kombinácii sa saunovaním nebezpečné. Teplo podporuje intenzívnejšiu opitosť, kvôli čomu môže dôjsť k úrazom, napríklad k popáleniu o saunový krb či pádu z lavice. Spojenie alkoholu a tepla dokonca vyvoláva nevoľnosť. Podobne negatívne účinky má aj tabak, ktorý rozširuje cievy. Cigaretové škodliviny sa pri saunovaní jednoduchšie dostanú do prekrvenej sliznice dýchacieho systému.

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