Viete čím sa zaoberá angiológia?

Ochorenia ciev patria medzi tie najzávažnejšie. Ak nastanú problémy s tými najdôležitejšími cievami, človek je v priamom ohrození života. Kardiovaskulárne (srdcovo-cievne) choroby sú dlhodobo najčastejšou príčinou úmrtí na Slovensku.

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Rozdelenie a charakteristiky ochorení ciev

Ochorenia ciev môžu byť menej alebo viac závažné. Menej závažné vazoneurózy alebo funkčne podmienené poruchy mikrocirkulácie sú najčastejšie vyvolané chladom alebo psychoemočným stresom. Oveľa závažnejšie sú organicky podmienené poruchy a ochorenia ciev, ktoré ďalej delíme na

  • neobštrukčné ochorenia, kam najčastejšie zaraďujeme tepnové výdute (aneuryzmy) a tzv. cievne malformácie (tepnovo - žilové spojky a skraty) a
  • obštrukčné choroby ciev, klinicky najvýznamnejšie cievne choroby, pretože spôsobujú nedokrvenosť cieľových orgánov (najčastejšie srdca, mozgu, dolných končatín a obličiek).

Angiológia je pomerne mladé medicínske odvetvie na Slovensku a zaoberá sa diagnostikou a liečbou ochorení tepien a žíl. Zaoberá sa a rieši nielen kŕčové žily, ale aj ochorenia žíl a tepien na krku, horných končatinách, v bruchu a panve. Pri diagnostike i liečbe intentezívne využíva moderné röntgenologické a USG zobrazovacie techniky. S rozvojom zobrazovacích metód a s možnosťou využiť robotické systémy vstupuje tento odbor do úplne nových rozmerov.

Najčastejšie ochorenia ciev

Ateroskleróza je najvýznamnejšia, najčastejšia, veľmi zákerná a komplexná systémová choroba tepnového systému. Jej rizikové faktory sú okrem iných - fajčenie, hypertenzia (vysoký krvný tlak), alkohol, telesná inaktivita, nedostatok stopových prvkov, stres atď. K uzáveru (aterotrombóze) tepien na podklade aterosklerózy dochádza postupne - chronicky, alebo náhle - akútna príhoda. Na srdci hovoríme o akútnom infarkte myokardu, v mozgu o cievnej mozgovej príhode (mozgový infarkt, porážka).

Ďalšie, menej časté obštrukčné ochorenia ciev vznikajú na podklade zápalu. Patrí sem arteritída, ktorú charakterizuje zápal cievnej steny tepien alebo aj iných ciev. Najnebezpečnejšie sú zápaly tepien srdca, mozgu, aorty, dolných končatín a obličiek. Preto sa im kardiovaskulárna medicína najviac venuje. Samotné uzavretie cievy zmenenej aterosklerózou potom prebieha ako trombóza - vytvorenie krvnej zrazeniny, tvorenej hlavne krvnými doštičkami. Tieto zrazeniny (tromby) vyvolávajú bolesť a stratu funkcie oblasti zásobovanej cievou, pričom môžu aj ohroziť život. Ďalším nebezpečenstvom, ktoré je výsledkom aterosklerózy a trombózy ciev je embolizácia. Jej najčastejšou príčinou sú krvné zrazeniny (tromby), vzduch, tuk, nádorové bunky, parazity, ale aj kryštály cholesterolu. Je to jav, pri ktorom sa úlomky hmôt unášané krvným prúdom usídlia na inom mieste, ako vznikli. Zdrojom embólie býva najčastejšie choré srdce (infarkt myokardu), menej často ateroskleróza alebo cievne aneuryzmy.

Avšak úplne najčastejšou chorobou periférnych ciev, ktorá postihuje asi 35- 50 % populácie je chronická žilová choroba dolných končatín, tzv. kŕčové žily. Väčšina chorých má pocit zvýšenej únavy dolných končatín, pocit bolestivého napätia až kŕčovitú bolesť v nohách, najmä v lýtkach, z čoho je odvodený slovenský názov. Nefunkčné chlopne v hlbokých žilách dolných končatín môžu viesť k obráteniu toku krvi a jej hromadeniu v povrchových žilách, uložených najbližšie k povrchu kože. Tieto žily sa potom rozširujú, kľukatia a bolia (tzv. varixy). Spôsobujú kožné vredy alebo opuchy končatín a môžu vyústiť až do zápalu a uzáveru (trombotizácii) žíl. Veľkým rizikom, ktoré vyplýva zo žilovej trombózy a bezprostredne ohrozuje pacienta na živote je pľúcna embólia. Pľúcna embólia je náhle upchatie riečiska pľúc krvnou zrazeninou, pochádzajúcou z uvoľnených trombov žilového systému alebo z dutín pravej časti srdca.

Cielená výživa ciev

K zlepšeniu kondície vašich ciev sa dopracujete aj vďaka cielenej výžive s obsahom aktívnych látok. Môžete ich užívať aj preventívne, nie až keď máte problémy. Výživové doplnky  MOBIVENAL micro a MOBIVENAL micro Simple obsahujú aktívne látky diosmín a hesperidín, pričom Mobivenal micro je navyše obohatený o 30 mg escínu v jednej tablete (prírodný výťažok z Pagaštanu konského, ktorý prispieva k normálnej činnosti cievnej sústavy). Výživové doplnky MOBIVENAL micro a MOBIVENAL micro Simple je slovenskými užívateľmi rokmi overená kombinácia mikronizovaného (lepšie rozpustného a vstrebateľného) diosmínu a hesperidínu, ktorý je navyše aj cenovo dostupný.

mobivenal_komplet

Viac sa dozviete na stránkach www.mobivenal.sk 

Zdroj: angio.sk

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