Etiketa stolovania I.

Ako stoluješ, taká je tvoja kultúrna úroveň, znie neokrídlené príslovie, ale zdá sa, že pravidlá stolovania niektorých Slovákov nijak zvlášť netrápia. Aj keď sa niektorí jedinci snažia neznalosť základných pravidiel stolovania prehlušiť umelou ležérnosťou či bohémstvom...

... ich bezradné tápanie pri drobnostiach stolovania neunikne ani menej pozornému oku. Aby ste sa aj vy nestali obeťou stolovania, odporúčame vám prečítať si niekoľko nasledujúcich riadkov, ktoré sme pre vás pripravili v dvojdielnom pokračovaní - Etiketa stolovania I., Nápoj a jedlo a Etiketa stolovania II..

slavnostny_stol_228

Sme pozvaní na spoločenskú akciu (oslava, výročie, svadba):

- pri jedle sedíme u stola vzpriamene, lakte máme voľne pri tele, stola sa dotýkame iba zápästiami
- pri početnejšom príbore platí jednoduchá zásada použitia: začať vždy od kraja, z vonkajšej strany; príbor ležiaci nad tanierom je určený na dezert
- o mľaskaní, smiechu a hovorení s plnými ústami nám čo-to povedali už v materskej škôlke, treba k tomu pridať ešte fakt, že horúce jedlo nefúkame ani inak nechladíme, ale počkáme (na stôl sa má servírovať jedlo tak teplé, aby sa dalo jesť)
- príbor držíme v hornej tretine alebo polovici jeho držadiel, lyžicu nesieme k ústam šikmo, teda nie špičkou alebo bočnou stranou
- ak sa chceme počas jedla napiť, položíme príbor do taniera ako ho držíme, dolnou časťou k sebe a utrieme si pery obrúskom
- nôž používame výhradne na krájanie a prisunutie jedla na vidličku; keď s jedlom skončíme, položíme nôž a vidličku súbežne vedľa seba, držadlami smerom k pravej ruke
- rytmus jedenia by sa nemal uberať k extrémom, príliš pomalé jedenie neznamená väčšiu noblesu
- papierový obrúsok po poslednom použití mierne pokrčíme a položíme na tanier, látkový obrúsok vezmeme z kolien, poskladáme a položíme vľavo k tanieru
- používanie špáradiel a rýchle nalíčenie pier je pri stole za decentných opatrení prípustné, na väčšinu ľudí však oba úkony pôsobia nepríjemne.

Nápoj a jedlo

Rešpektovať gastronomické pravidlá pri výbere nápojov k jedlám síce nemusíme ("proti gustu žiaden dišputát"), ale poznať by sme ich mali.

Ako prvý v poradí menu je aperitív. Pojem „aperitív“, ktorý pochádza z francúzskeho termínu „apéritif“ alebo talianskeho „aperitivo“, znamená „otvárajúci“. Aperitív sa obvykle podáva zhruba pol hodiny pred jedlom a jeho úlohou je nielen naladiť a pripraviť chuťové bunky na nadchádzajúce chody, ale aj spríjemniť stolovníkom čakanie a spestriť príjemnú priateľskú konverzáciu.

K tradičnému aperitívu sa podáva aj drobné občerstvenie. Obľúbené sú olivy, sušené paradajky, grissini, krekry a ďalšie pochúťky, ktoré s nápojmi skvele ladia. Martini (campari, becherovka a ďalšie horké nápoje) servírujeme ako aperitív.

Obľúbené pivo predstavuje ideálny doplnok k pečenej kačici, husi a bravčovému, ale môže sa podávať aj k polievke, a tiež, ako aperitív.

Biele víno sa hodí predovšetkým k rybiemu mäsu, rôznym "morským potvorkám",hydine a teľaciemu mäsu. Môžeme ho podávať aj k určitým druhom predjedál a vybraným druhom syrov. Biele víno sa podáva vždy vychladené (12-14 stupňov).

Červené víno patrí k divine, pečenému a tmavému mäsu (hovädzie, bravčové...). Hodí sa tiež k viacerým syrom. Podáva sa pri (izbovej) teplote 15-20 stupňov.

Ružové víno je univerzálne. Môžeme ho servírovať k mäsu, syrom alebo teplým predjedlám (záleží na ich charaktere).

Sekt (šampanské) je ten správny nápojový doplnok k múčnikom. V rámci všetkých vín by mal byť najchladnejší (7-9 stupňov).

Dezertné vína (vermut, portské...) sa hodia predovšetkým k múčnikom.

Koňak (brandy, sladké likéry...) podávame ako didžestív ku káve.

glasses_22

1. na liehové nápoje;
2. na sherry;
3. na koňak;
4. na likér;
5. na vermút;
6. na šampanské;
7. na sekt;
8. na pivo;
9. na minerálku;
10. na biele víno;
11. na červené víno;
12. na burgundské víno

1 Komentár

  • Komentár Estela %AM, %24 %338 %2025 %07:%mar napísal Estela

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