Praváci vs. ľaváci

Až do polovice 20. storočia sa používanie ľavej ruky zatracovalo a potlačovalo. Vyplývalo to z predsudkov dávnej minulosti. V starej Číne považovali ľavú stranu za tu zlú, čomu prispôsobili aj tvary čínskych znakov, ktoré sú navrhnuté pre písanie pravákom.

lavak pravak19

Podobne v antickom Ríme sa chránili pred zlom, ktoré sa malo nachádzať v ľavej ruke. Iný  názor na ľavú ruku mali Egypťania. Tí ju síce považovali za nešikovnú, ale o to bližšiu srdcu. Možno práve preto, sa nosí snubný prsteň na ľavom prstenníku.

V stredoveku ľavákov obviňovali zo spriahnutia sa s diablom, a pri obliehaniach stredovekých hradísk, ich posielali bojovať do predných línií.
V arabských kultúrach je ľaváctvo problémom do dnešných dní.  Pri stolovaní napríklad považujú za nevhodné používať ľavú ruku.

Napriek tomu mala dávna aj blízka história výnimočných kráľov, vojvodcov, politikov a geniálnych umelcov, ktorí boli ľaváci. Nesmieme zabudnúť na Alexandra Macedónskeho (356-323 p.n.l.), Júlia Caesara ( 100-44 p.n.l.), Leonarda Da Vinciho ( 1452-1519), J.S. Bacha (1685-1750), W.A. Mozarta (1756-1791), Ludwiga Van Beethovena (1770-1827), Vincenta Van Gogha (1853-1890), Pabla Picassa (1881-1972) a Charlesa. Chaplina ( 1889-1977). V súčasnosti známymi ľavákmi sú Paul Mc Cartney (1942), Bill Clinton (1946),  Bill Gates (1955) alebo Barack Obama (1961).

• Genetické výskumy  z britskej univerzity v Oxforde a z Ústavu Maxa Plancka v holandskom Nijmegenu potvrdili, že ľavorukosť neovplyvňuje len jeden gén, ale skupina génov, ktoré sa podieľajú na asymetrickom usporiadaní nášho tela.
• Asi len 10 percent ľudskej populácie tvoria ľaváci. Takíto jedinci, podobne ako praváci majú  dominantné používanie jedného z párových orgánov,  ako je oko, ucho a noha.

Väčšina rečových schopností sa nachádza u pravákov v ľavej mozgovej hemisfére.  Tá súčasne ovplyvňuje aj našu pravú ruku. Tí ľudia, u ktorých sa nachádza rečové centrum v pravej hemisfére, väčšinou uprednostňujú používanie ľavej ruky. Dominantnosť ľavej hemisféry sa často objavuje u umelecky nadaných ľudí, pretože sprostredkúva vnímanie výtvarného a priestorového umenia, a súčasne slúži na počúvanie hudby. Pravá hemisféra má analytický charakter, ktorou vnímame vedu a techniku.

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