Zvierací maznáčikovia a deti. Aké nebezpečenstvo hrozí vašim drobcom?

Napísal Kristína Chudá, Sinsay 06. apríl 2021

Starostlivosť o domácich miláčikov je skvelá vzdelávacia skúsenosť pre deti, učia sa tak k zodpovednosti, jemnosti a rešpektu voči iným živým bytostiam. No domáci maznáčikovia môžu šíriť infekcie na ľudí, najmä na tých najmenších.

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Takže ak uvažujete o kúpe domáceho maznáčika, alebo ho už máte, je dôležité vedieť, ako chrániť vašu rodinu pred možnými infekciami. Domáci maznáčikovia okrem baktérií sú nositeľmi vírusov, parazitov a húb, ktoré môžu spôsobiť ochorenie, ak sa prenesú na človeka. Ako sa prenášajú? Poškriabaním, živočíšnym odpadom či slinami alebo lupinami. A najrizikovejšou skupinou? Malé deti, dojčatá, tehotné ženy a ľudia, ktorých imunitný systém je oslabený. No dojčatá a deti mladšie ako 5 rokov sú však najviac ohrozené, pretože ich imunitný systém sa stále vyvíja a niektoré infekcie, ktoré dospelákom spôsobia len mierne ťažkosti, drobcom môžu spôsobiť oveľa vážnejšie zdravotné problémy.

No napriek tomuto všetkému sa nemusíte vzdať svojich chlpatých priateľov. Domáce zvieratá môžu obohatiť váš rodinný život, a niekoľko opatrení môže chrániť vaše deti pred vážnym ochorením. Ochrana rodiny pred infekciami začína ešte pred privedením domáceho maznáčika. Zvážte aj zdravotný stav a vek vašich detí predtým, ako si zaobstaráte domáce zvieratko. Domáce zviera, ktoré vyžaduje častú manipuláciu sa neodporúča do domácnosti, kde je dieťa s oslabeným imunitným systémom a deti s ekzémom by sa pravdepodobne mali vyhnúť akváriám. A čo plazy a obojživelníky? Tie by nemali byť povolené ako domáce zvieratá v žiadnej domácnosti s dojčatami a malými deťmi.

Toxoplazmóza

Roztomilé mačiatka? Aj tie môžu byť pre vaše dieťatko nebezpečné. U doma chovaných mačiek je ale takéto riziko minimálne. Pôvodcom je mikroskopický parazit Toxoplasma gondii a vnímaví k tejto infekcii sú všetci teplokrvné živočíchy, vrátane človeka. Iba mačka a ďalší zástupcovia mačkovitých šeliem patria medzi hostiteľov tohto parazita. Aj keď sa mačka uzdraví, infekčné parazity vedia ale prežiť v exkrementoch v pôde a na tráve, a tak aj zle umytá zelenina zo záhradky môže byť zdrojom nákazy pre človeka. U zdravého človeka má ochorenie priebeh podobný chrípke, nebezpečné je toto ochorenie pre tehotné ženy v prvom trimestri gravidity - nákaza by mohla prestúpiť cez placentu na plod a vyvolať jeho poškodenie. U čisto bytových mačiek, ktoré nechodia von a nie sú kŕmené surovým mäsom, je nebezpečenstvo nákazy takmer nulové, u ostatných stačí dodržiavať bežné hygienické zvyklosti a na prácu na záhradke si radšej brať rukavice.

Toxokaróza - Škrkavka

Toxokaróza je ochorenie vyvolané larvami škrkavky psej alebo škrkavky mačacej a objavuje sa najčastejšie u detí do 6 rokov. U detí je najčastejšia nákaza pojedaním piesku na kontaminovaných pieskoviskách. Môže sa tak objaviť bolesť brucha, horúčka, zvracanie či hnačka. Pľúcna forma je charakterizovaná dýchavičnosťou, kašľom a horúčkou. Ako najlepšia prevencia sa javí pravidelné odčervovanie zvieracích miláčikov, ktoré máme doma, a tiež dôsledné hygienické návyky - po hraní vonku naučiť deti automatickému umývanie rúk pred jedlom.

Besnota

Je to smrteľné ochorenie. Hoci sa prípad besnoty u detí v našej republike už niekoľko desiatok rokov nepotvrdil a domáce zvieratá sú u nás proti tejto chorobe očkované, v posledných rokoch rodiny s deťmi v lete často cestujú na juh a nie každý si uvedomuje, že v zahraničí je situácia iná ako u nás. Na plážach v Chorvátsku je možné bez problémov natrafiť na rozzúreného psa a to platí aj o iných krajinách. Vírus besnoty sa prenáša slinami nakazeného zvieraťa, a síce najčastejšie uhryznutím. Pokiaľ sa vám teda v cudzine začne k nohám plaziť cudzie zviera, radšej si od neho udržte odstup.

Leptospiróza

Toto bakteriálne ochorenie sa objavuje často v čase povodní a aj napriek pravidelnému očkovaniu psov je stále aktuálna. Pôvodcom sú baktérie z rodu Leptospira. Ochorenie sa vyskytuje u domácich i divokých zvierat, človek sa infikuje väčšinou náhodne poranenou kožou či cez sliznice. Baktérie sa vylučujú do prostredia močom hlodavcov, najmä potkanov a myší, hoci oni sami neochorejú. Ak však ochorie leptospirózou pes, je zdrojom nákazy pre svoje okolie. Prevenciou leptospirózy je nejesť neumývané ovocie a zeleninu, nechodiť naboso v bahne.

Ak je váš domáci maznáčik papagáj, môžu prenášať Kryptokokózu, čo je plesňové ochorenie, ktoré môžu spôsobiť pneumóniu. Ďalším ochorením je Psittacosis, bakteriálne ochorenie, ktoré sa môže vyskytnúť pri kontakte s infikovanými výkalmi vtákov alebo s prachom, ktorý sa vytvára v klietkach.

No pri plazoch (vrátane jašteríc, hadov a korytnačiek) a obojživelníkoch (vrátane žaby, ropuchy a mlokov) ohrozuje deti Salmonelóza. Malé deti sú však vystavené riziku závažnejšieho ochorenia, vrátane dehydratácie, meningitídy a sepsy (infekcia krvi).

A ako je na tom škrečok či akvarijné rybičky?

Lymfocytárny choriomeningitídový vírus (LCMV): Ľudia môžu dostať LCMV inhaláciou častíc pochádzajúcich z moču, výkalov alebo slín z infikovaných hlodavcov. Infekcia LCMV môže spôsobiť príznaky podobné chrípke. Podobne ako toxoplazmóza, aj LCM sa môže preniesť z infikovanej tehotnej ženy na jej plod.

Mycobacterium marinum: Táto infekcia sa môže vyskytnúť u ľudí vystavených kontaminovanej vode v akváriách alebo bazénoch. Hoci infekcie sú vo všeobecnosti mierne, môžu byť závažnejšie u ľudí s oslabeným imunitným systémom.

A prevencia voči týmto chorobám?

Ak kupujete domáce zviera, uistite sa, že chovateľ dal zvieratá zaočkovať. Renomovaný chovateľ by vám mal dať aj certifikát. Následne ho vezmite k veterinárovi na ďalšie očkovanie. Vďaka pravidelnému očkovaniu bude váš domáci maznáčik zdravý a zníži riziko prenosu infekcie na vaše deti. Čo môžete spraviť po každej hre s maznáčikom?

-        Vždy si umyte ruky, najmä ak pohladíte vášho domáceho maznáčika a následne sa chystáte jesť. Pri čistení exkrementov zvieraťa používajte rukavice a ak máte papagája, pri čistení klietky si nos a ústa chráňte šatkou, aby ste zabránili vdychovaniu prachu či exkrementov.

-        Vyhnite bozkávaniu alebo dotyku vášho domáceho maznáčika s ústami, pretože infekcie sa môžu šíriť cez sliny. A nedovoľte, aby domáce zvieratá boli v priestoroch, kde sa pripravuje alebo manipuluje s potravinami. Neumývajte domáce zviera ani akvária v kuchynskom dreze alebo vani. Umyte si domáceho maznáčika vonku pod prúdom vody. A čo je najdôležitejšie, nespite so zvieratami v jednej posteli!

Aj keď milujete svojich domácich maznáčikov, no stále sú to zvieratká, ktoré vedia potešiť dušu. Nepoľudšťujte ich!  

TIP: DOPLNKY PRE ŠTVORNOHÝCH MILÁČIKOV SINSAY

sinsay_pets_21

V Sinsay okrem oblečenia pre ňu, pre neho a pre deti, nájdete aj doplnky pre štvornohých miláčikov. Kampaň ku kolekcii je nafotená s adoptovanými psíkmi a ich majiteľmi. Na jar tohto roku je ponuka značky Sinsay rozšírená o novinku, ktorá poteší najviac našich štvornohých miláčikov a ich majiteľov. 30 doplnkov pre psy a mačky nájdete v online obchode na sinsay.com.

Doplnky boli navrhnuté tak, aby vyhovovali najdôležitejším potrebám domácich miláčikov a zodpovedali vkusu ich majiteľov. V ponuke tak nájdete misky, vôdzky, oblečenie pre psov, fľašky pre psíkov, nosiče na zvieratá i hračky a oveľa viac...
Teraz tak jedným nákupom môžete urobiť radosť nielen sebe, ale aj svojmu najlepšiemu priateľovi. Viac na sinsay.com. 

Zdroj foto: Sinsay


https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/pet-infections.html

31 komentárov

  • Komentár Robyn %AM, %21 %356 %2025 %07:%mar napísal Robyn

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