Suchý zips

Vedeli ste, že práve psia srsť plná bodliakov priniesla  ľudstvu veľmi užitočný a praktický vynález? Stalo sa tak v roku 1941...


... vďaka štvornohému miláčikovi švajčiarskeho technika Georges de Mestrala (1907-1990). Po prechádzke v prírode jeho srsť  bola plná bodliakov. Po urputnom a nekonečnom čistení to hĺbavému technikovi nedalo. Začal študovať, akým spôsobom sa hlavičky bodliakov v srsti prichytili. Jednu z nich neskôr pod mikroskopom preskúmal. Výsledok ho prekvapil. Povrch bodliakov tvorilo množstvo drobných háčikov, ktoré umožnili, že sa semená dokonale prichytili na psiu srsť a jeho kabát.  Tým, že mal v sebe tvorivého ducha, skúsil uvažovať o ďalšom využití v praktickom živote. Natoľko si veril, že zdravo zariskoval a dohodol si úver v banke na vysokú sumu, aby mohol nerušene experimentovať. Skúšať začal s najdostupnejším materiálom - bavlnou, ktorá sa mu však neosvedčila. Jej vlákna  sa na tento účel nehodili a pri veľkovýrobe sa bavlna javila ako veľmi nákladná. Jeho východiskom bol materiál, ktorý je lacný ale pritom odolnejší.





Po niekoľkých pokusoch narazil okolo roku 1948 na syntetický materiál nylon. Vyrobil tkaninu zloženú z množstva malých slučiek. Jednu stranu nechal hladkú – zamatovú. Slučky na druhej strane rozpolil. Ožiaril ich  infračerveným svetlom, ktoré nylon spiekol a vytvoril  prakticky nezničiteľné háčiky. Keď spojil hladkú-zamatovú časť s háčikmi, potreboval vynaložiť veľkú silu, aby ich od seba oddelil. Tak vznikla nová tkanina a spoločnosť na jej výrobu, ktorú pomenoval Velcro / „velour“ – zamat a „cro“ – „crochet“ – háčik/.


 


V roku 1951 požiadal o patent na svoj vynález  a o štyri roky ho dostal. Suchý zips sa stal v nasledujúcich rokoch po jeho uvedení veľmi obľúbený. Puma v roku 1968 uviedla na trh prvé tenisky na suchý zips. Osvedčil sa aj v rodinách s malými deťmi, ktoré si nedokážu samé zaviazať šnúrky alebo sú veľmi neposedné. Každý rodič môže potvrdiť, že mu topánočky na suchý zips uľahčili život a, že je to skutočne veľmi praktický vynález!

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