Artičoky...

.... sú známe už z dôb antických. Poznali ich starí Gréci a potom Rimania. Na Iberský poloostrov sa dostala vraj z oblasti Kartága spolu s Maurami. Názov sa vyvinul z pôvodného arabského slova al-khurshuf (bodliak), ktorý našiel svoje medzinárodné modifikácie.

freepik_artichoke_23

Zdroj foto: Freepik

Z histórie...

Avšak v období pádu rímskej ríše, koncom 5. storočia dochádza k jeho zabudnutiu. Vďaka svojim afrodiziakálnym schopnostiam našla svoje uplatnenie a obľubu koncom 16. storočia v pánskej šľachtickej spoločnosti. Z historických prameňov vieme, že veľkým stúpencom tejto zeleniny bola Katarína Medicejská, ktorá si ich doviezla na francúzsky dvor z rodného Talianska. Popri týchto účinkoch sa v renesancii artičokám pripisovala liečebná moc, napríklad schopnosť čistiť krv.

Dnes je artičoka skoro každodennou súčasťou francúzskej a talianskej kuchyne. Pripravuje sa jej srdiečko po odstránení vrchných lístkov; a vydlabaní zárodkov okvetných lístkov. Artičoky je možné nakladať do sladkokyslého nálevu, dusiť, zapekať, smažiť a obaľovať v pikantnom ceste. Umožňuje to neutrálna a málo výrazná chuť tejto zeleniny. Artičoky patria aj k ligúrskej kuchyni, sú plnené do focacci a na pizzu.

Zo zdravotného hľadiska artičoka podporuje detoxikačnú činnosť pečene a vylučovanie škodlivín z moču. Artičoka je kontraindikovaná jedine pri ťažkých ochoreniach obličiek. Pri cukrovke pomáha znižovať hladinu cukru v krvi, znižuje cholesterol, zlepšuje trávenie a látkovú výmenu. Zaznamenané boli aj antialergické účinky pri kožnom ochorení. Artičoky obsahujú množstvo minerálnych látok a vlákniny.

Na trhoch v Taliansku a Francúzsku sú zastúpené viaceré odrody, ktoré sa odlišujú veľkosťou, farbou a ostňami.

ROMANESCO – veľký kužeľovitý tvar bez ostňov
CATANESE – má pretiahnutý tvar bez ostňov
VIOLETTO di TOSCANA, d‘ALBENGA –je stredne veľká odroda, sfarbená do fialova
SPINOSO di LIGURIA – je menšieho vzrastu s ostňami
SPINOSA SARDA a MASEDA – odrody sa pestujú na Sardínii

1 Komentár

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