Čo je dizajn

V nasledujúcich článkoch sa vám pokúsime vysvetliť vznik pojmu dizajn, priblížiť v skratke jeho vývoj a význam na spoločnosť, ktorá ho stvorila. V súčasnosti všade prítomný punc dizajnu viedol k inflácií samotného termínu design. 

dizajn_2019

V 80.tych rokoch sa ako garancia kvality na ktorýkoľvek výrobok zabezpečoval práve termínom „design“. Nebolo tomu však vždy tak...

Z histórie

Slovo design pochádza z talianskeho slova disegno, ktoré pochádza z dôb renesancie a označoval kresbu, myšlienku, nápad ako základ k práci. Za prvého z dizajnérov sa v Taliansku považoval Leonardo da Vinci s jeho technickými nákresmi a štúdiami strojov.
Termín design sa v 16.storočí preniesol do Anglicka, kde sa chápal ako prvotný plán nejakého návrhu na jeho realizáciu. Počas priemyselnej revolúcie sa termín dizajn chápal hlavne ako návrh a plánovanie priemyselných produktov a tak tomu bolo aj v Nemecku.
Spočiatku hlavným znakom dizajnu bola priemyselná výroba produktu. Postupom industrializácie sa na produkte podieľalo viac zamestnancov a tak sa vytvoril predpoklad pre pozíciu priemyselného dizajnéra.
Priemyselná revolúcia napomohla sériovej výrobe predmetov, a potláčala postupne remeselnícku výrobu. Následkom čoho dochádzalo neraz k poklesu kvality predmetov. Tieto negatívne dôsledky vyburcovali reformné hnutia v Anglicku a Nemecku k obnove umeleckého remesla, výchove ku vkusu a druhý prúd smeroval k skvalitneniu a prispôsobovaniu priemyselnej produkcie. Práve tieto snahy viedli k vymedzeniu termínu dizajn s prihliadaním na podmienky priemyselnej sériovej výroby.

Moderna a funkcionalizmus

Predstavitelia týchto smerov zadefinovali dve hlavné úlohy, ktoré majú produkty spĺňať.
1, forma predmetu musí sledovať len jeho funkciu a nemá byť nadbytočne dekorovaná
2, podmienky priemyselnej produkcie majú byť štandardizované, jednoduché, vyššej kvality, formy majú byť zjednodušené a ceny musia byť primerané.

Dizajn je vedecká disciplína, ktorá zahŕňa množstvo odvetví nášho života. Od techniky, spoločenských a humanitných vied. Od dôb funkcionalizmu v 20.tych až do 70.tych rokov minulého storočia platilo pre priemyselný dizajn niekoľko definícií ako je jednoduchosť a redukcia na funkčnosť masovej výroby. V 80.tych rokoch prišlo k zmene myslenia a za dizajn sa považovalo aj to čo vzniklo ako prototyp pri remeselnej výrobe, predmety, ktoré sa nachádzali v múzeách a galériách a boli predmetom diskusií a podobne. Postupne dochádzalo k prekračovaniu hraníc medzi umením, remeslom a dizajnom.

Súčasnosť

 

Dnes sa menia aj formy a použiteľnosť dizajnu. Nie je to len priemyselný dizajn, interiérový ale vývoj spoločenských vied a techniky si vynútil vznik aj napríklad corporate dizajn, hardwarový dizajn, dizajn služieb, management dizajn...
Na záver úvodnej časti o dizajne treba spomenúť, že dejiny dizajnu nie sú len dejinami vecí a ich foriem ale dejinami životných štýlov.

2 komentárov

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    Anavar is frequently stacked with other steroids to amplify effects:
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    After an Anavar cycle, users often employ a PCT to restore natural testosterone production. This involves using Testosterone Enanthate or Cypionate for 4-6
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    1. **Short-term**: Acne, hair loss, and mild anxiety are common due to its androgenic nature.

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