Dáma so salónom

Existencia umeleckých či literárnych salónov v minulosti nám nie je celkom neznáma. Predstava, že by čosi také fungovalo aj dnes a na území nášho hlavného mesta...


... je skutočnosťou len pre priateľov Marty Herucovej, ktorá čaro salónneho stretávania sa preniesla do súčasnosti.


femme: Ako došlo k tomu, že ste začali usporadúvať tieto zaujímavé podujatia?

Marta Herucová: Vyštudovala som dejiny výtvarného umenia a celý život sa profesionálne pohybujem v tejto oblasti. Keď som pred viac ako dvadsiatimi rokmi nastúpila do Slovenskej akadémie vied a mala som možnosť vybrať si obdobie, ktorému sa budem „bádateľsky“ venovať, voľba padla na obdobie 19. storočia. A ako každý vie, bolo to storočie rozkvetu kultúry salónov, ktoré mali svoj predobraz v skorších dobách. V určitom zložitom životnom období som sa rozhodla zorganizovať takéto salónne stretnutie pre svojich priateľov a známych, a keďže ohlas medzi zúčastnenými bol viac než priaznivý, stretávame sa naďalej.
 

femme: Aké sú vaše ambície v tomto smere a čo to obnáša, zorganizovať takéto stretnutie?

Marta Herucová: No, podstatne skromnejšie než Gertrudy Steinovej... Mojim cieľom je pripraviť príjemné, ducha obohacujúce a obzory rozširujúce popoludnie pre všetkých zúčastnených. Keďže sú medzi nimi predstavitelia rôznych povolaní, súčasťou stretnutia je vždy prednáška na zvolenú tému, skôr osviežujúca ako unavujúca, ktorú poslucháči zvyčajne tvorivo rozvedú. Niekedy je v programe prehliadka nejakého miesta alebo budovy, ako pri poslednom „existencialistickom“ stretnutí, keď sme navštívili chátrajúce kúpele Grössling. A tiež sme čakali na Godota. Samozrejme, treba urobiť a rozoslať pozvánky, vymyslieť a uvariť štýlové pohostenie, upraviť interiér. Moji hostia vedia, v duchu anglického humoru, dotvoriť atmosféru svojim nápaditým retro outfitom.
 

femme: Podľa akých kritérií volíte témy jednotlivých stretnutí a kto Vám je nápomocný?

Marta Herucová: Témy sa vynárajú viac menej náhodne. Mali sme jedno stretnutie venované kultúre a umeniu v čase potopenia Titaniku. Pri práci som sa dostala k opisu originálneho jedálneho lístka z tejto lode a zlákala ma možnosť vyskúšať, či sa takéto pokrmy dajú pripraviť aj dnes. Titanik sa potopil v roku 1912, čo bolo akési doznievanie belle époque – krásnej doby, ako jej vtedy hovorili. Snažila som sa, aby práve toto stretnutie bolo obzvlášť elegantné. Pomocníčky mám vo svojich dvoch dospelých dcérach a financovanie je plne v mojej kompetencii. Nerada by som však vzbudila dojem, že sa jedná o akési opulentné záležitosti.
 

femme: Predsa len, vaše povolanie by mohlo byť považované za vďačný zdroj inšpirácií tých stretnutí.

Marta Herucová: Len do určitej miery. K svojej práci musím neustále študovať diela z rozmanitých oblastí – histórie, filozofie, beletrie, divadla... Takže o podnety nie je núdza. Na druhej strane, aj keď sa dlhodobo venujem najmä náhrobkom, „tance kostlivcov“ sa u mňa nikdy nekonali. Je to však zaujímavá oblasť, o ktorej som dokonca ako prvá prednášala na pôde Európskeho parlamentu, keď francúzski odborníci zorganizovali kongres venovaný tejto tematike.
 

femme: Čo zaujímavé by sme sa v skratke mohli dozvedieť o našich náhrobkoch z 19. storočia?

Marta Herucová: Všeličo. Patrili storočiu romantizmu a to im vtislo jedinečnú podobu. Impulzy k tomuto najbizarnejšiemu rozvoju náhrobkov v histórii, tak ako v iných európskych krajinách, aj u nás, vyšli z radov vzdelancov. Platí to aj o túžbe byť pochovaný pod stromom, najmä pod lipou. Tak chceli odpočívať aj naši osvietenci a národovci. Gróf Leopold Andrássy z Betliara chcel byť pochovaný pod stromom vo svojej záhrade, Ján Hollý si želal ešte aj o prvosienky na hrobe a prvým náhrobkom Ľudovíta Štúra bol ružový ker. To, že potomkovia ich priania nerešpektovali a zaliali ich hroby betónom a zaťažili bronzom, sa dá pokladať za hrubé nepochopenie. Z týchto cituplných ľudí spravili toporné modly.
 

femme: Práca na Akadémii sa môže niekomu zdať tajomná a niekomu daromná... Aký je praktický dopad vášho vedeckého pôsobenia?

Marta Herucová: Je to výskum, ktorý odkrýva minulosť. Zväčša sa pokúšam preskúmať diela, o ktorých takmer nič nevieme a niekedy je to ako v detektívke. Tak napríklad Amerlingov obraz „neznámeho dievčatka“ je dnes už portrétom mladej grófky Marianne von Norman-Ehrenfels, poznáme konkrétnu predlohu nádherného obrazu Amora a Psyché z Koplotovského kaštieľa, ktorú som našla v nemeckých umeleckých zbierkach, z bratislavskej sochy „smútiaceho muža“ sa vykľul antický Herkules... Niekedy o takýchto pátraniach, alebo o tom, čo nové priniesli, hovoríme na „salónoch“. Sú to príbehy, ktoré dodávajú umeniu život, a keď na to príde, tak aj mojim večierkom esprit.

 


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