Šachový kvíz

Napísal Eva Šoucová 24. august 2024

Kým sa pustíte do nášho šachového kvízu, nezaškodí pripomenúť si starú indickú povesť, ktorou sa to všetko vlastne začalo. Legenda hovorí o jednom zrnku ryže na prvom políčku šachovnice a dvojnásobku na každom ďalšom až po posledné 64. na opačnom konci diagonály.

freepik_chess_824

Zdroj foto: Freepik

Takúto odmenu si vyžiadal vezír Sissa ben Dahir od kráľa Širhama za zostrojenie doskovej hry na rozptýlenie nudy. Panovník sa potešil, ako lacno obišiel. Keď potom zistil, k čomu sa zaviazal, vraj nechal poddaného popraviť za výsmech. Prívetivejšia verzia príbehu však vraví o súhlase. Pravda, pod nesplniteľnou podmienkou: trúfalec si musí zrnká sám narátať a naložiť do mechov.

Výsledok je 2⁶⁴−1. Znamená to presne 18 446 744 073 709 551 615 zrniek, čiže takmer 18,5 trilióna.

Takéto množstvo by pri jazmínovom type ryže, ktorej zrnká patria k tým ľahším, vážilo 381 miliárd ton. V prepočte je to asi 550 rokov celosvetovej produkcie tejto obilniny... Ak by sme ju rovnomerne rozsypali po všetkej pevnine na Zemi, vrstva by mala 2,7 milimetra.

POZOR AJ NA ŠUSTER MAT

Aj samotný šach ako hra ponúka mnoho ohurujúcich čísel.

„Už po prvom ťahu existuje 400 možností rozostavenia figúrok, ak zarátame aj možné hrubé pozičné chyby čierneho,“ upozorňuje prezident Slovenského šachového zväzu (SŠZ) Milan Roman. Po štyroch ťahoch prichádza do úvahy už takmer 319 miliárd rôznych pozícií!

Najrýchlejší možný mat už 2. ťahom môže dať – trochu paradoxne – iba hráč s čiernymi figúrkami. Pejoratívne sa označuje ako hlupákov mat, miernejšie ako detský alebo školácky (1. f3 e5 2. g4 Dh4 mat). Existuje osem jeho verzií.

Ešte známejší a tiež značne rýchly je tzv. šuster mat 4. ťahom (napríklad 1. e4 e5 2. Sc4 Jc6 3. Dh5 Jf6 4. Dxf7 mat).

POZÍCIÍ VIAC AKO ATÓMOV

Neurčitosť metodiky výpočtu zabraňuje stanoviť úplne presný celkový počet kombinácií, ktoré sa môžu vyskytnúť a zo šachového hľadiska dávajú zmysel. „Najčastejšie sa stretávame s údajmi 1040 alebo 1043 pri konzervatívnom odhade. Horná hranica je až 1050,“ hovorí šéf SŠZ.

Ak pripustíme aj nelogické ťahy, hodnota počtu vetiev algoritmu vzrastie až na 10120. „Volá sa to Shannonovo číslo podľa amerického matematika, ktorý sa týmto rébusom zaoberal,“ prezrádza Milan Roman a na porovnanie dodáva: „Odhadovaný počet atómov v pozorovateľnom vesmíre je 1078 až 1082, čiže významne nižší.“

KVÍZ

1. Koľko rokov od založenia bude na jeseň oslavovať Slovenský šachový zväz?

A) 90
B) 95
C) 100

2. Kde Slovenský šachový zväz vznikol?

A) Rajecké Teplice
B) Trenčianske Teplice
C) Turčianske Teplice

3. Kto sa stal prvým slovenským šachovým veľmajstrom?

A) Ján Markoš
B) Igor Štohl
C) Ján Plachetka

4. Ako sa volá herečka, ktorá stvárnila hlavnú hrdinku seriálu Dámsky gambit?

A) Anya Taylor-Joy
B) Emma Stone
C) Ella Marija Lani Yelich-O'Connor „Lorde“

5. Ktorý známy tenista holduje online šachu?

A) Marin Čilič
B) Andy Murray
C) Roger Federer

6. Koľko ťahov mala najdlhšia zaznamenaná partia?

A) 266
B) 269
C) 296

7. Koľko ťahov má najdlhšia teoreticky možná partia?

A) 594
B) 954
C) 5949

8. Kedy vytlačili prvú knihu v angličtine o šachu?

A) 1450
B) 1474
C) 1744

9. Koľko ľudí na svete pravidelne hráva šach?

A) 400 miliónov
B) 500 miliónov
C) 600 miliónov

10. V ktorej krajine je šach súčasťou školských osnov?

A) Arménsko
B) Gruzínsko
C) India


Správne odpovede: 1-C, 2- B, 3-C, 4-A, 5-C, 6-B, 7-C, 8- B, 9-C, 10-A

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