Tréning imunity detí

Príchod detí do nového kolektívu, nepriaznivé počasie, únava, to všetko predstavuje pre detský organizmus veľkú záťaž. Aby sa s tým "malý človiečik" čo najlepšie vysporiadal, ponúkame niekoľko tipov na otužovanie.

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OBDOBIE NARODENIA

Nepostrádateľný význam pre obranyschopnosť malého bábätka má materské mlieko. Ak matka z akéhokoľvek dôvodu nemôže dojčiť, mala by siahnuť po dojčenskej výžive, ktoré sa obsahom približuje zloženiu materského mlieka.

NÁSTUP DO KOLEKTÍV

Pri zmene zabehaného režimu sú malé deti náchylnejšie ku chorobám. Detský organizmus sa po prvýkrát stretáva s novými baktériami a vírusmi, na ktoré si musí jeho imunitný systém zvyknúť a vytvoriť si množstvo protilátok. Popri dodržiavaní zdravej životosprávy – hodnotná strava, pitný režim, dostatok pohybu na čerstvom vzduchu, kvalitný spánkový režim, nezabúdajte aj na prostredie, v ktorom sa pohybuje. Odborníci upozorňujú na negatívne dôsledky prehnanej čistoty, pri budovaní detskej imunity. Dieťa treba privykať na to, že ho v živote postretne častejšie špinavé ako sterilné prostredie.

OTUŽOVANIE

U novorodencov a dojčiat je nedostatočne rozvinutá schopnosť udržiavať telesnú teplotu. Postupne sa táto schopnosť rozvíja a jej výsledok závisí od frekvencii chladiacich podnetov, s ktorými sa dieťa stretáva.

Otužovacie minimum

- teplotu v obytných miestnostiach v zimnom období udržujte na úrovni do 20°C pomocou regulovania teploty a vetraním

- každodenný pobyt na čerstvom vzduchu po dobu aspoň 3 hodín pri takmer každom počasí, okrem veľkých mrazov, vetra a dažďa

- primerané obliekanie v byte ako aj vonku podľa aktuálnych podmienok, aby odev v nutnej miere chránil pred chladom

Pri otužovaní je veľmi dôležitá motivácia detí, podporená aj súťaživosťou medzi súrodencami, či v kolektíve. Všetky otužovacie procedúry vzduchom či vodou, treba robiť tak, aby ich deti robili s radosťou, alebo aspoň bez nechute. Otužovanie stimuluje látkovú  výmenu, celkovo aktivizuje, zlepšuje chuť k jedlu a navodzuje  duševnú pohodu.

Otužovanie má byť postupné, ale sústavné. Ak sa nedodržiava postupnosť, občasné nárazové vystavenie dieťaťa intenzívnemu chladu vedie skôr k nachladnutiu než k otužovaniu. Dieťa pomaly zvykáme na chladnejšiu vodu až sa dostaneme k teplote 20°C. Zo začiatku by sprchovanie chladnou vodou nemalo trvať dlhšie ako 2 minúty.

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