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Riziká detskej obezity

Napísal Kamila Balcová 14. apríl 2014

S vedúcou lektorkou inštitútu, Barbarou Svieženou, sme sa porozprávali o fenoméne detskej obezity, ako aj o zdravotných rizikách, ktoré hrozia deťom a mladým ľuďom s nadváhou.


Inštitút zdravého života WELKO v Bratislave ponúka záujemcom o zdravý životný štýl možnosť získať a rozšíriť si vedomosti v problematike životosprávy a zdravia. Rozhovor s RNDr. Barbarou Svieženou, PhD., vedúcou lektorkou Inštitútu zdravého života WELKO v Bratislave.

femme: Čoraz častejšie sa stretávame s fenoménom detskej obezity. V čom vidíte jej príčinu?

Barbara Sviežena: Naše deti sú dôsledkom „doby jedovej“ - fenoménu, ktorý vo svojich publikáciách popisuje prof. Strunecká. Na jednej strane sme denne atakovaní všadeprítomnými reklamami, na strane druhej na nás útočia pseudovedecké informácie. Máme málo času na zamýšľanie sa nad jedlom, a vyhovujú nám instantné, rýchle riešenia. Potrava, ktorú prijímame je plná chémie, aditív, „É-čiek“, škodlivých tukov a cukru. Odklonili sme sa od prirodzenej stravy a naše deti tým trpia.


femme: Aké zdravotné riziká deťom a mladým ľudom s nadváhou hrozia?

Barbara Sviežena: Vysoká váha až obezita v detskom veku vytvára podhubie pre veľmi skorý prejav všetkých ochorení súvisiacich s týmto fenoménom. Ide o rôzne typy srdcovo-cievnych ochorení, vysoký krvný tlak, metabolické ochorenia, respiračné ochorenia ale aj alergie, diabetes a pod. Obezita znižuje celkovú pohyblivosť detí a zhoršuje kvalitu ich života aj z hľadiska sociálneho. Pri nesprávnom stravovaní a zvýšenej váhe trpí taktiež imunita, ale aj kostrový a kĺbny aparát. Dlhodobé dôsledky detskej obezity by zabrali dlhý zoznam.


femme:
 Ktoré chyby robia rodičia detí s nadváhou pri úprave ich stravovania?

Barbara Sviežena: V prvom rade veľmi dlho prehliadajú zvýšenú váhu, akceptujú istú formu prejedania detí a zníženú pohybovú aktivitu.  Častokrát sa stáva, že sa problém začne riešiť pomerne neskoro a úprava stravy je vysloveným psychickým bojom medzi rodičom a dieťaťom. Psychológia jedenia a prejedania v detskom veku je veľmi ťažko zvládnuteľná bez odbornej pomoci.


femme: Čo považujete za najväčšie mýty týkajúce sa témy  chudnutia?

Barbara Sviežena:Pre mňa je najťažšie preniesť sa cez reklamy typu: “Ako stratiť 15 kg za 2 týždne”, “Tabletky/prášky/lieky na rýchle schudnutie”, “Rýchle chudnutie bez hladovania” a podobne. Rôzne „zaručené diéty“ zamerané na redukciu telesnej hmotnosti jednoducho nefungujú, pretože všetky majú dočasný charakter. Nebezpečné je uveriť mýtom o potrebe vylúčenia akejkoľvek základnej zložky potravy, či už ide o tuky alebo sacharidy, pretože svojou neznalosťou problematiky si môžeme spôsobiť nepríjemné následky.


femme: Aká výživa je podľa vás optimálna v detskom veku?

Barbara Sviežena: Odporúčania a poradenstvo v oblasti výživy je vysoko individualizovaná záležitosť, ktorá musí zohľadňovať nielen vašu konštitúciu a spôsob života, ale aj aktuálny zdravotný stav, stresové faktory a ďalšie parametre. U detí je dôležité prihliadať na konkrétnu vekovú kategóriu, pohybové aktivity a genetické predispozície.


femme: Ktoré potraviny by ste z jedálnička detí a mládeže vylúčili a naopak, ktoré odporúčate konzumovať čo najčastejšie?

Barbara Sviežena: S cieľom prevencie by mali rodičia dbať na to, aby deti nejedli (alebo aspoň významne obmedzili) výrobky z bielej múky a obsahujúce rafinovaný cukor - sladké tyčinky, keksy, sušienky, cukríky a hlavne sladené nápoje. Vylúčiť by sme mali aj margaríny a priemyselne upravené tuky a oleje, rôzne typy údenín a výrobkov obsahujúcich vysoké percento soli. Prednosť v stravovaní detí by mala mať „živá potrava“, t.j. čo najmenej priemyselne spracovaná, celozrnné produkty, ovocie a zelenina v závislosti od sezóny, kvalitné mäso, zakysané mliečne výrobky a pod.


femme: Špecializujete sa na pomoc pri poruchách príjmu potravy. V čom sú jej špecifiká?

Barbara Sviežena: Poruchy príjmu potravy sú jedným z najčastejších, a pre svoj chronický priebeh a závažné somatické, psychické a sociálne dôsledky, aj jedným z najzávažnejších ochorení dospievajúcich dievčat a mladých žien. Spôsobujú dlhodobé problémy nielen postihnutým, ale aj ich sociálnemu okoliu. Stále pribúda tých, ktorým sa nedarí prispôsobovať zníženému energetickému príjmu a začnú sa prejedať. Zo skúsenosti vieme, že už prehnaná pozornosť venovaná postave a telesnej hmotnosti, nadmerný strach z priberania, prísne redukčné diéty a hladovky, excesívne cvičenie a pocit prejedenia môžu byť príznakom porúch príjmu potravy v ich latentnej forme. Základným pozorovateľným špecifikom poruchy príjmu potravy je neustále až nutkavé riešenie jedla ako takého.


Foto: Andrej Balco 

2 komentárov

  • Komentár Lilia %AM, %27 %125 %2025 %02:%mar napísal Lilia

    Plus, the dual-prong buckle system offers rock-solid safety,
    so I can think about my raise without belt-related worries.
    The Velcro closure system is a function I've come to understand.
    This design allows for fast adjustments without the trouble of removing the belt completely, however
    does not budge when performing an exercise.
    A thicker belt would possibly supply more assist, however it may additionally be extra uncomfortable to wear.
    Depending in your exercise choice, a thicker belt can even intrude
    with the bar path during an exercise. It's essential to discover a belt that is
    the right thickness for you and what your exercises will include.

    We actually just like the quick-locking characteristic of the buckle,
    as a result of so many individuals may have that second of doubt.
    No extra asking your self, "Am I doing this right?" The belt is designed
    to remove that doubt and replace it with confidence with what you're doing.

    Although it sounds like you might get further
    security with an additional prong, tightness is the same as a single-prong belt.
    The downside to the double enclosure is that it takes
    longer to engage and disengage since you must line up two prongs.

    I choose a single-prong belt, however budget-friendly powerlifting belts nearly solely have two prongs – doubtless because
    of the marketing notion of additional security. Make positive your belt conforms to IWF
    guidelines and is no extra than 12cm wide. A weightlifting belt is typically 10cm extensive for back assist,
    but tapers off in the front. Some weightlifting belts may also have further
    padding in the again.
    However, a double prong will distribute the pressure more evenly.

    This is a good fastening mechanism, however it'll take you longer
    to lock it compared to lever buckles. The beauty of lifting belts is that
    there are sufficient of them to cover everyone’s wants. This, however,
    also makes choosing the proper another difficult as a outcome of there’s a lot of features that make them totally different.
    The single prong design makes it simple to get on and off,
    and the quality of the leather and buckle together imply this could be a belt worth investing in as a outcome of it will last for years.
    In nearly every fitness magazine, you see fitness models lifting
    weights without the support of a belt; however this isn’t how issues work in reality.

    Total, we think that neoprene and nylon are extra newbie friendly than leather.

    The Gymreapers belt is produced from high-quality neoprene
    and nylon, providing you with a contemporary and professional looking belt that's straightforward to make use of.
    Even if you've solely been a weightlifter for a number
    of months, we would be surprised should you
    had by no means heard of the model name Rogue.
    One of the numerous firms to make their appearance during the fitness boom of
    the early 2000s, Rogue has outlasted its competitors and has turn into a
    go-to resource for all things health. All you should do is determine what
    sort of lifter you are, or what kind of lifter you intend to be at
    the end of your journey. The 4 inch width won’t restrict your
    movements – you’ll get the benefits of the belt with out
    the restriction that some bigger belts place in your range of movement.

    Lifters who want the highest levels of support usually
    go for a 10mm or 13mm powerlifting belt, manufactured from rigid leather-based.
    Weightlifting belts come in each a straight-cut and tapered
    design, whereas powerlifting belts are straight-cut
    only. When it comes to weightlifting, your success relies on extra than just energy.

    If you need help deciding and choosing a weightlifting belt, here are the benefits
    of utilizing a weightlifting belt. No matter how heavy
    you raise, a quick-locking lifting belt won't open or lose grip once fastened.
    Our quick-locking lifting belt is really helpful for critical CrossFit athletes, Olympic
    athletes, and weightlifters due to its safe hold and handy
    release buckle.
    Flexz Fitness’ weightlifting belt meets IPF and USAPL standards, and it’s suitable
    for each women and men. The belt is made from
    real grade-A leather-based, and it's zero.24 inches thick and four inches
    broad. The width is the key feature because it makes the belt extensive enough to provide sufficient support,
    but nonetheless narrow enough to be comfy and never
    distracting. It distributes the stress evenly across your core
    and stabilizes the spine to stop accidents and injuries. It’s only honest
    to suggest a belt after saying how necessary it is to use it, right?
    Our very personal WBCM Leather Belt is high-quality, sturdy, and it'll
    give just the proper amount of assist during weightlifting.

    Nonetheless, pure powerlifting belts are a clear alternative for individuals who demand the
    very best assistance for squats, deadlifts, and rows.

    These exercises are carried out at a gradual and managed pace while Olympic
    lifts concurrently take a look at your energy, speed, and technical abilities.

    The closing mechanisms diverge in phrases of powerlifting belt vs weightlifting belt.
    Weightlifters go along with a flatter and quick-locking velcro system.

  • Komentár atticmagazines.com %AM, %21 %263 %2025 %05:%mar napísal atticmagazines.com

    The experts shared their favourite weightlifting footwear and what to search for when shopping.
    In addition to its lace-up design, the L-1 Lifter boasts two adjustable double
    straps within the midfoot space and a flat, extensive sole for added foot stability when doing heavy squats and
    lifts. Plus, its toe field allows for just sufficient roominess to
    let your toes unfold out evenly. So, if you're thinking about upping your weightlifting or energy coaching shoe recreation, you came to the right
    place. Right Here are 12 of one of the best weightlifting sneakers and energy
    trainers of 2023, according to trainers.
    This shoe is constructed with Vivobarefoot’s proprietary Energetic Sole development.

    The Active Sole has a stack height of 4mm and it has an sufficient level of
    tread for both typical and sumo deadlifts on different surfaces.

    Does the shoe grip different flooring well, and might it
    work for each conventional deadlifts and sumo deadlifts? These are completely different deadlift
    kinds and might have totally different demands on shoes and their traction.
    The downside to this shoe is that there are few half sizes, so I had to get the following full dimension up, which was slightly massive
    for me. I would dimension down next time, but it will be beneficial if Vivobarefoot
    included more half sizes. Many years in the past after I bought my first pair of lifting footwear, I chose
    an older model of Adidas Powerlift shoes. At the time, the pair I had was stiff and
    heavy, and the material did not appear to be one of the best.

    Picket heels are difficult to search out in trendy weightlifting,
    as many manufacturers choose high-density plastic.

    However if you're severe about hitting new PRs or competing in Olympic Weightlifting, you want Weightlifting shoes.
    Norman Cheung is a powerlifting and accredited energy and conditioning coach underneath the UKSCA.
    He has been coaching powerlifting since 2012 and has been an IPF Group GB coach
    since 2016. He has expertise coaching varied lifters, from
    novices to worldwide medallists and international college groups.

    ? These athletes, for my part, vastly overestimate the standard
    of their positions, however extra considerably, this argument
    ignores the drive transfer and stability high quality. Mobility may and
    should be enhanced or maintained in ways other than simply squatting.
    For everyone right within the center, serious about
    coaching, and in it for the long haul with no illusions of constructing an Olympic
    group, these can be a nice option. Not too costly,
    very durable, lighter, sleeker, and extra
    athletic- heck, they’re even lighter without insoles than the present Metcon eight.
    If you've further construction-related questions on the Nike Romaleos three, drop a remark beneath and
    I might help you out. If you may have further sizing and match questions about the Nike Romaleos
    three, drop a remark under and I can help you out accordingly.
    Despite having fun with the Nike Romaleos three during
    the last four years of my using them, I have found a quantity of cons to be weary and know before investing in this shoe.

    A correct pair of "lifters" can increase support, put you in higher lifting positions, and improve efficiency.
    On the higher, you will find a hook-and-loop tab that retains laces safe, which we observed
    helps to add lateral stability and prevent tripping.
    We additionally recognize that the breathable mesh upper
    is light-weight, hugging our ft and providing a locked-in feel.
    We also love that these shoes function light-weight foam cushioning
    that makes it simple for us to maneuver around between sets.
    Plus, the puncture-resistant sole protects your toes from sharp
    objects and debris without sacrificing the barefoot really feel.
    Greatest for skilled lifters looking for a shoe with an elevated heel to squat in.
    The shoes that you just use for powerlifting ought
    to be specific to your desires and wishes. We all have differences in relation to our squat, bench press, and deadlift varieties, so finding sneakers that feed well into our
    motion mechanics is often a huge key to success.

    Third and lastly, you’ll want to discover sneakers that provide a pleasant level of traction on totally different surfaces.
    For instance, let’s say you train on picket platforms in prep, however whenever you go
    to compete you’re lifting on the carpeted platform that your meet has put together.
    Compression of your footwear whereas lifting can result in lack of
    balance and mess up your movement mechanics. I
    also like that you can remove the insole in the Vivobarefoot Primus Lite III and the interior construction of this shoe is completed.

    While your health club footwear may be nice for a number of lifts and
    workouts, extra sophisticated actions just like the back squat, snatch or clear and jerk can depart you wanting a little more out
    of your kicks. In The End, power coaching footwear have the flat sole, but with
    added flexibility in the toe and midfoot that
    enables for more motion and reactivity. Some even include further traction alongside the heel and lateral sides
    for rope climbs and different CrossFit actions.
    The Primus Lite III is a particularly flexible,
    zero-drop, minimalist shoe meant to provide the expertise of
    being barefoot, whereas defending from the risk of
    injury concerned with going shoe-free. It's designed to be foot shaped—not shoe shaped—with an excellent broad toe field that allows your toes to move how they'd
    with out the constraints of a standard shoe.
    The single-sole construction and double metatarsal straps maintain your toes
    secure whereas providing enough support on your ankles without limiting your vary of movement.

    The women's version of the Legacy Lifter III has an identical design to the boys's
    model. The larger heel peak, slimmer design, and adjustable velcro strap over the midfoot guarantee a snug match that keeps your toes stable without limiting movement.
    The heel is designed with a TPU plastic that provides a
    stable basis throughout heavy lifts and might face up to lots of wear and tear on the
    platform. There's also a versatile upper and a grippy outsole
    that helps you plant firmly in place. Perhaps you’re extra involved with Olympic
    weight coaching and desire a silhouette that’s steady enough
    for those gold medal performances.
    Maybe you’ve taken a liking to powerlifting and want a kick for getting
    essentially the most out of those big three lifts.
    Possibly you’re simply wanting some added stability for squat days and want to actually hone in on conquering these training plateaus.
    While the listing of weightlifting footwear could be troublesome to digest for newcomers, there’s no want
    to fret — we can present a spot.
    I’ve included pricing as an element whereas selecting Weightlifting
    sneakers, not for monetary reasons, however for the reason that price normally indicators
    the quality. Different sports use Weightlifting footwear,
    and specific body types require slightly totally different shoes.
    If ankle mobility is your solely issue and you want to make your favourite sneakers extra "weightlifting" pleasant,
    you can give Versalifts a attempt. The 0.6″ EVA heel translates properly into every kind of various workout routines within the health club.

    Nevertheless, because EVA is softer and compresses more than TPU and wooden, regardless of the name, high-level powerlifters won't just like the shoe.

    Weightlifting sneakers also typically feature a better prime with further straps or ties to help assist the ankle.

    Be prepared to probably have some sizing issues with these Do-Win profiles, though.

    Some advocate ordering a half measurement down, whereas others claim these weightlifting clogs run true to dimension. In my experience, the latter proved true, however I perceive that
    fits can differ significantly from one foot to the opposite.
    The Romaleos 4s do feature a compact toe field that’s snug
    yet not overly constrictive. With that stated, the
    silhouette does come to a point at the toe flap somewhat aggressively, which can result
    in some excessive strain if the footwear are worn for lengthier periods.


    Like with every thing within the health club, there’s plenty
    of nuance that goes into choosing the proper pair of weightlifting footwear in your wants.
    The professionals and cons of weightlifting will ebb and
    circulate based on your coaching. Sure, weightlifting footwear can pressure you to maintain the correct posture throughout squats and Olympic lifts,
    and help present stability and help. You don't want weightlifting
    footwear to get some nice lifts in, but they actually help.
    But just like there are tons of foot types out there, there are
    also several varieties of weightlifting footwear.
    Some are greater than others, some are narrower than others, and some are made
    for flatter ft.
    I’m confident we could come up with numerous weightlifting shoe professionals,
    nonetheless, I think there are three big pros and benefits of weightlifting footwear that can carry over to most
    contexts. The downside of the higher heel is that it limits the function of these footwear.
    If you are looking for a strict weightlifting shoe, this is not an issue,
    but these shoes won't safely carry you through WODs or different practical activities.

    They also run a bit on the slim side, so in case you have a wider fit you would
    possibly want to think about the Do-Win Weightlifting Sneakers as a substitute.
    To assist narrow the sphere, the ACTIVE Reviews Group put together a listing of the most effective weightlifting shoes in a number of
    categories. On that notice, if you’ve ever worn Reebok weightlifting shoes, and more particularly, the Legacy Lifter or Legacy Lifter II, then you must be safe
    opting for a similar measurement in the III. If you want lightweight weightlifting sneakers that
    help promote sooner foot turnover, you might want to think about options like the Inov-8 Fastlight Energy
    G 380.
    Plus, as a outcome of it’s made with Nike’s React foam,
    the shoe is springy enough for use for prime depth interval coaching (HIIT) cardio
    bursts. We use "men’s" and "women’s" on this article to align with how products
    are bought on retail sites, but that does not mean you should
    stick to 1 or the opposite. Select the product with the match, fashion, and features that work greatest for you.
    However, should you often lift weights, you could need to add
    another pair to your wardrobe. The right shoe will assist you to generate as much force
    through the floor as potential so as to choose up heavy weights.
    The Fuse 2.zero retails at a lower cost level than different comparable models, but maintain a stage of
    integrity when it comes to building and sturdiness that goes far above the budget-friendly price ticket.

    Each pair is handmade from fastidiously chosen high-grade,
    exceptionally sturdy leather-based. In fact, the brand stories that every heel
    and outsole require 2-3 hours of exact handwork to manufacture.
    "These are a sturdy weightlifting shoe with robust translation to vertical pressure," says Otey.
    Weightlifting footwear can value as little as $60 for a traditional pair of
    low-top Converse or upward of $100, relying on the brand.
    Shoes with rubber soles and heels are the worst, and purchasing them for weightlifting is a waste of
    cash.
    The elevation of a heel can range from .3′′ to 1′′, and each lifter will find a heel peak
    that normally works finest for them. Moreover, the extra heel height aids a lifter in shifting weight by way of a
    range of positions while maintaining good posture angles
    (Keeping chest tall, knees observe correctly, etc).

    At the tip of the day, what’s most necessary is that your footwear don’t hinder
    or hold again your performance within the squat,
    bench press, and deadlift.
    The Nike Savaleos have a heel appropriate for Olympic weightlifting but
    with extra flexibility across the entire sole for dynamic actions, such as plyometrics and jumps.
    The Nike Savaleos had been designed for CrossFit-type exercises,
    the place there may be a combination of Olympic weightlifting, powerlifting, jumping movements, and other
    dynamic exercises. The Romaleos 4 are some of the best shoes for weightlifting that come at a premium worth.
    They are manufactured by Nike, which is understood
    for creating distinctive merchandise.
    And it's barely wider all through than many different weightlifting footwear on the market,
    but it's very true for the toe box. Which means
    it is a great selection for those with wider toes or who often feel they don't have
    enough room to splay their toes in other weightlifting shoes.

    The TYR L-1 Lifters have the largest toe field of all the weightlifting
    sneakers I’ve tried. This is nice for folks with extra-wide feet, as it allows for a
    full toe unfold.
    Plus, I looked at every silhouette’s heel-to-toe drop to see how aggressive an angle I’d be sitting at in my lifting stance.
    This measurement can tremendously affect the place each profile fits best
    in terms of weightlifting modality, so I’ve bulleted
    the statistic for each sneaker under. Energy coaching shoes—often branded 'cross-trainers'—are
    designed to be versatile in their efficiency, not like weightlifting sneakers.
    They don't characteristic significant heel elevation, that means they'll be more reactive for explosive movements,
    but can nonetheless provide sufficient stability for heavy lifts.

    While I are likely to favor weightlifting shoes with this
    design, I do assume TYR might afford to lose a bit of strap length
    in future iterations. When cinched down tightly, there’s some excess nylon that
    tends to hold close to the outsole edge, significantly on the medial side
    of the foot. Admittedly, I truly have stepped on this excess strapping at occasions, albeit while strolling around the fitness center.
    Still, though, if you’re already impressed with the brand’s CXT-1 Trainers, these may
    be an excellent addition to your in-gym footwear rotation. The L-1 Lifter garnered plenty of consideration when it first hit the market for its extensive foot-friendly design.
    If you like a snug fit, contemplate a pair that has both conventional laces and an adjustable
    midsole strap—that combination ought to keep your ft from shifting
    mid-rep. Look for a shoe with mesh panels and perforations, which allow for
    higher breathability with out sacrificing structure.
    Ultimately, the shoe you choose ought to make you're feeling comfy and assured, and not distract you from your lifts, Dr.

    Gremillion says. Nevertheless, as a outcome of this shoe is designed with a midfoot wedge for powerlifting, it’s not suitable for cross-training.
    It provides a reasonable heel-to-toe drop, which encourages good squat form without drastically impacting other movements, corresponding to deadlifts, that have a tendency to
    profit from a flatter base of help. Considering
    the name, it’s no shock that this shoe is great for powerlifters
    who need assist for a big selection of moves, similar to squats,
    deadlifts, and bench presses.
    The benefit being you presumably can grip the bottom extra effectively and exercise your foot's dexterity whereas working out.
    It would not hurt that it's a stylish shoe so it could be worn exterior of the
    health club as well. I tested these shoes with squats, deadlifts after which a HIIT exercise that included medication ball throws and
    slams, squat jumps and leaping jacks.
    Strengthening the muscular tissues in your feet can even assist to protect from injuries
    up the chain. Love the look of old-fashioned lifting sneakers but want the innovations
    in comfort of newer renditions? With a stacked leather-based heel for ultimate consolation and shock absorption, this newly reimagined model strikes a steadiness of
    athletic and old-fashioned.