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Bielkoviny pod lupou

Napísal Monika Mičúchová 24. október 2023

Každý, kto sa venuje zdravému životnému štýlu, má rôzne zdravotné problémy či obmedzenia, alebo sa len zaujíma o novinky na trhu, sa už stretol s otázkou týkajúcou sa príjmu bielkovín. Každý z nás sa už stretol s problémom pri výbere toho najlepšieho proteínu na chudnutie.

bielkoviny_prodietix_23

Áno, netýka sa to len žien, je to záležitosť každého z nás. A keby išlo len o značku, ale ono ide aj o to, koľko bielkovín denne máme prijať. Čo je to vlastne proteín? Proteín je anglický názov pre bielkoviny, takže naozaj nejde o niečo iné. Ako vlastne bielkoviny (proteíny) fungujú v našom tele?

Čo sú to proteíny (bielkoviny) a na čo slúžia?

Bielkoviny sú prírodné polymérne zlúčeniny zložené z aminokyselín, ktoré sú navzájom viazané kovalentnými peptidovými väzbami. Pospájané aminokyseliny vytvárajú tzv. polipeptidové reťazce. Proteíny (bielkoviny) , sú jednou z dôležitých makroživín. Okrem proteínu patria medzi nej aj sacharidy a tuky. Proteín zložený z aminokyselín slúži nielen ako zdroj energie, ale aj ako základná stavebná jednotka nášho tela. Je dôležitý pre jeho správne fungovanie, obnovu buniek, imunitu a ďalšie funkcie. V prírode ich existuje niekoľko stoviek, ľudské telo však potrebuje len 20 z nich. Polovicu si totiž dokáže vytvoriť samo, druhú polovicu musí získať zo stravy. Fungovanie makroživín sa dá laicky prirovnať k stavbe domu, kedy proteín predstavuje vlastne stavebný materiál a sacharidy s tukmi sú robotníci. Bez bielkovín nedokáže telo fungovať. Ich hlavnou úlohou je stavebná činnosť, udržiavanie a obnova nášho tela. Potrebuje ich mozog, kosti, orgány, svaly, ale aj vlasy či nechty. Dôležité je, že nás, okrem iného, dokážu udržať dlhšie nasýtených. Energia z bielkovín sa totiž uvoľňuje omnoho pomalšie ako zo sacharidov. 

Koľko bielkovín telo potrebuje?

V závislosti od výšky, váha, veku, fyzickej či psychickej námahy a mnohých iných parametroch potrebujem každý človek rôzne množstvo bielkovín. Aj pri redukčnej diéte by mali bielkoviny tvoriť zhruba 20-25% denného príjmu. Neznižujte ich, aj keď ste menej fyzicky aktívni. Pri chudnutí jedzte denne približne 1-1,2 g bielkovín na kilogram váhy. Neprekračujte výraznejšie odporúčaný príjem a dbajte na pitný režim, ktorý je pre metabolizmus bielkovín kľúčový. Najjednoduchším spôsobom, ako doplniť bielkoviny, je dopriať si proteínový nápoj. Pri ich konzumácii nemusíte nad ničím príliš premýšľať. Pozor však pri samotnej kúpe, aký proteínový nápoj potrebujete. Je rozdiel, či budujete svaly a cvičíte, alebo si chcete dopriať bielkoviny v nápoji, ale s čo najnižším množstvom sacharidov. Počas diéty platí, že čím menej sacharidov, tým lepšie. Proteínové nápoje sú taktiež lepšie stráviteľné, ako napríklad mäso. Pri mäse si totiž telo, okrem proteínov, musí poradiť aj so spracovaním tukov. V kokteiloch sa navyše kombinujú rôzne zdroje bielkovín tak, aby telo benefitovalo čo najviac.

Ako sa líšia rastlinné a živočíšne zdroje bielkovín?

Oba rastlinné aj živočíšne zdroje môžu byť bohaté na bielkoviny. Všeobecne však platí, že tie živočíšne sú kvalitnejšie ako rastlinné, pretože majú vhodnejšie spektrum esenciálnych aminokyselín pre potreby nášho organizmu. Nie je to však tak, že by rastlinné potraviny niektoré z týchto aminokyselín vôbec neobsahovali. Väčšina z nich sa nachádza v každom rastlinnom zdroji bielkovín, ale v nedostatočnom množstve. Našťastie každej skupine rastlinných potravín chýbajú iné aminokyseliny, takže vhodnou kombináciou rastlinných zdrojov sa môžeme tohto nedostatku takmer zbaviť. Napríklad obilniny majú nedostatok aminokyseliny lyzínu, zatiaľ čo strukovinám chýba metionín.

Proteíny a chudnutie

Bielkoviny majú pri chudnutí nezastupiteľnú úlohu. Nie len tak, pre nič za nič, sú na nich postavené mnohé diéty, Nedostatok proteínov, predovšetkým pri chudnutí, spôsobuje úbytok svalovej hmoty, a tým aj spomalenie celého metabolizmu. Redukcia váhy je tak výrazne pomalšia. Čím viac svalovej hmoty máte, tým lepšie vám pôjde chudnutie. Svaly totiž spaľujú energiu aj vtedy, keď práve nešportujete, dokonca aj keď spíte. Ak budete držať diétu a nebudete mať dostatok bielkovín, budete sa cítiť unavení a bez energie. Skvelým pomocníkom pri redukcii hmotnosti sú práve proteínové diéty. S nimi totiž budete mať svoj proteínový jedálniček zostavený už vopred, takže nebudete musieť hľadať a kombinovať vhodné potraviny. Dostatočný príjem bielkovín podporuje rast svalovej hmoty. Cieľom chudnutia by totiž ideálne malo byť zníženie množstva telesného tuku a udržanie, prípadne budovanie svalov. Bielkoviny majú najvyšší termický efekt zo všetkých živín. To znamená, že pri ich trávení spálime najviac energie. Toto množstvo predstavuje až 20 -30 % celkového príjmu energie z bielkovín. Bielkoviny navyše znižujú glykemický index potravín. To znamená, že spomaľujú vstrebávanie sacharidov z čreva do krvi, a tak spomaľujú zvyšovanie hladiny krvného cukru po jedle. Týmto spôsobom predchádzajú prudkým výkyvom hladiny cukru v krvi (glykémie), ktoré sú spojené s častými chuťami na sladké.

Tip: bielkoviny, predstavujú základné stavebné látky živých organizmov. Bez nich nám nielenže neporastú svaly, ale ani neschudneme. Zaháňajú totiž hlad a napomáhajú odbúravaniu tukov. Preto ich príjem pri redukčnej diéte rozhodne neobmedzujte. Vyberajte si kvalitné bielkoviny, predovšetkým, ak držíte napríklad keto diétu Prodietix, pretože ich telo (nielen) počas diéty potrebuje. Nezabúdajte, že každému vyhovuje iná forma diéty, ale vždy je to o tom, aby ste mali dostatok vyváženej stravy a aby vás diéta bavila.

www.prodietix.sk

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    The greater the load, the higher the impact on muscle fiber
    recruitment. As you bench press extra, it’s a good idea to provide
    yourself exposure to all three bench press variations
    from time to time to make sure you’re not leaving any pec fibers undertrained.
    All three of these bench press variations will practice the pecs,
    triceps, and anterior delts to numerous levels.

    For the sake of getting somewhat extra granular in this article, I’ll highlight which pec fibers every
    variation sometimes trains extra of. The incline bench
    press will entail bench urgent on an incline bench.

    Moreover, it'll trigger this train to lose effectivity and never goal the athlete’s pectoral and chest muscle tissue.
    Some athletes arch their back too much when performing a dumbbell
    bench press. Conventional dumbbell bench press kind requires an athlete to have a slight arch.

    Decrease the dumbbells towards your chest, preserving your elbows flared out.4.
    The selection between neutral grip and parallel grip bench press is dependent upon your particular person fitness targets and bodily capabilities.
    With that in thoughts, there, there are right and incorrect methods to get your self into position for the dumbbell bench press.
    First I will explain the proper setup in a step by step course of.

    But establishing the train can be tricky if you end up by yourself.
    As the dumbells required become very heavy it gets
    to be increasingly more difficult. The heavier the dumbbells get the tougher it's to get them up into a place from
    which to press them, not to mention truly do the train.
    With dumbbells, you can get a greater stretch and squeeze in your pecs (you can deliver them closer together at
    the high of the motion, which forces your chest to contract more).
    We’ve already went over all you have to know about
    the standard grip flat bench press. If you have to learn how
    to do it, scroll as a lot as the 'The Method To Do A Bench Press' part.

    You May want to select dumbbells which are lighter than you'd use for a flat dumbbell bench press and when performing a barbell incline
    press. If you are unsure of the proper weight, begin light and work your means up
    till you are feeling challenged but can nonetheless do an entire set using correct type.

    You might simply stick with the flat bench
    press and possibly the incline bench press. The barbell bench press will all the time be the main carry for strength packages.
    It will put your chest, shoulders and triceps within the biggest
    position to raise heavy and use a extensive variety of movement.
    The commonplace grip, which is 1.5x your shoulder width,
    is the best for total development of the chest, shoulders and triceps.
    On high of building well-rounded power, you’ll also construct fuller pecs by implementing flat, decline,
    and incline bench presses into your exercise program.

    Yes, beginners can safely perform the flat dumbbell press using lighter weights to study correct type.
    For these excited about exploring superior coaching strategies
    and variations of the flat dumbbell press, go to Bodybuilding.com.
    Whether Or Not you’re a beginner or a complicated lifter, this resource presents priceless
    insights that will assist you elevate your training.


    Experiment with completely different inclinations, grip widths, and bar paths to find what feels greatest on your physique.

    This is as a result of when the bench is at an incline, your higher pec muscle fibers shall
    be immediately beneath the line of drive. In the flat
    bench press, the road of drive passes by way of
    the middle of your chest muscle tissue, and that is why the flat
    bench press is such an excellent common chest builder.
    Newbies can profit from bench presses with out weight on the bar to
    heat up, get a feel for the bar, and be taught proper type.
    If you are more advanced and bench press with heavy weight,
    use a spotter. Additionally, a pair of weightlifting gloves can provide you a greater grip.
    Depending in your targets, there are totally different variations of bench presses that work barely completely
    different muscle tissue, too.
    It’s beneficial for athletes hoping to beat a plateau with the barbell bench press or looking to stability the chest muscle tissue.
    Additionally, this exercise gives athletes a larger vary
    of motion than the standard barbell press. Bear In Mind to regulate the load
    and repetitions based mostly on your fitness level and goals.
    This pattern workout routine incorporates the flat chest press as the primary train and consists of further workout routines
    to target different muscle groups in the upper body.
    It provides a balanced method to energy and muscle improvement.
    One of essentially the most impactful workout routines
    to build strength in these muscle tissue is the flat bench dumbbell
    press.
    Overall, the emphasis might be on your higher, inner and outer chest in addition to your triceps.
    Wide grip barbell bench press is around 2x shoulder width aside.
    This may have your elbows at a little beneath 90˚, which is safe in your shoulders.

    As you lower the bar down, your elbows might be saved directly beneath the
    bar. Shut grip barbell bench press has your shoulders
    at about shoulder width aside. This could have your elbows close to your torso and out
    barely in front of the bar if you decrease the barbell
    down.
    Yes, performing the dumbbell bench press can have an result on your mood—the dumbbell bench press
    and exercise generally impacts your mind.
    Exercise causes your mind to launch endorphins which might positively influence your mood.
    Additionally, exercise can improve your sleep, and getting higher-quality
    sleep can put you in a greater temper. Transferring the
    weight too shortly may cause damage, and you won’t maximize your features.

    The pectoralis main is the primary muscle group focused through the flat chest press.
    It consists of two heads, the clavicular head (upper chest) and the sternal head (lower chest).

    The flat chest press helps develop each heads, contributing to a well-rounded chest.
    The flat bench press, being a compound exercise, recruits numerous muscles.

    This leads to the next calorie burn throughout and after the workout,
    helping to extend your general metabolic fee.

    By addressing widespread questions and misconceptions, we hope
    to supply clarity and confidence to these seeking
    to incorporate this exercise into their health regimen. Bear In Mind, everyone’s health journey is exclusive, so tailor your approach to suit your individual
    objectives and capabilities. Yes, the flat
    bench press strengthens the muscle tissue liable for
    good posture, such because the upper back and shoulders.

    Usually speaking, newbie and intermediate lifters will see
    one of the best outcomes by benching twice every week. Studies show that coaching a muscle group
    twice a week will show higher results than as soon as per
    week. No matter what variation of the bench press you do, just about
    all the same muscles will be activated. Nonetheless,
    the different variations of the bench press will emphasize sure muscles.

    Patrick Dale, PT, ex-Marine, is a Coaching Editor with 30 years of
    experience in Personal Coaching and Power & Conditioning.
    A former British Royal Marine, fitness center proprietor, and health skills assessor, he
    is devoted to delivering informative, reliable content material.
    In addition, Patrick is an skilled writer who has authored three fitness and exercise books, dozens of e-books,
    hundreds of articles, and several fitness videos.

    The key to gaining these benefits is to remain constant, maintain your self engaged through its variations,
    and follow a wholesome way of life. So as you'll find a
    way to see there is not a precise science to calculating your barbell bench press based of
    your dumbbell press. However you possibly
    can figure it out simply by starting mild on your bench press and growing
    from there.
    As we mentioned, dumbbells are stated to provide larger
    activation of the pecs, yet not as great of a load can be used.
    So, they're very efficient and most lifters use dumbbells as much if no more than barbells.
    Normally they'll use barbell for one main carry (i.e. flat bench or incline bench) after
    which dumbbells for the other pressing variations or chest exercises.

    Decrease the dumbbells in course of your chest, keeping
    your elbows tucked in.4. In conclusion, whether you go for the equilibrium of the dumbbell press or the facility of the bench press, each is a priceless
    addition to your routine. Embrace the journey, keep consistent, and always concentrate on kind for the
    most effective outcomes.
    They additionally may be an efficient strengthening train for sports activities
    like sprinting, hockey, and football. Correct dumbbell bench
    press kind begins with the correct setup, including a bench and dumbbells.

    With arms extended so that the weights are over the chest, interact the core and squeeze
    the scapulas together for stability. Slowly decrease the weights in a smooth,
    managed movement until the elbows attain 45-degree angles.

    Your physique, with its strengths and weaknesses, is exclusive, and just because lifters
    appear to be 20–30% stronger within the flat bench press on common, it doesn’t imply that
    the same essentially applies to you. How much weight you'll have the ability to raise in every exercise will depend, amongst different things, on your particular person body structure, making you more
    or less proficient at one or the other. Many individuals
    really feel that the incline press places much less stress on their shoulder joint compared with the usual bench press.

    Moreover, every arm is unbiased of one another, which forces extra stability,
    thus making issues tougher. Besides physical advantages,
    the bench press is fairly straightforward to study and its environment friendly.
    Primarily, at the top of the raise, the bar is immediately over
    your shoulders and on the backside when the bar touches your chest your forearms are vertical.

    General, by squeezing your shoulder blades collectively, your chest will carry
    up a bit in the course of the ceiling and you will naturally have a gentle arch
    in your thoracic backbone. This will ensure safety of your shoulder joint and most power.
    A 30° inclination is enough for considerably larger upper pec activation in comparison with the center and lower pec.

    If your wrists bend again, grip the bar slightly decrease in your palm.
    I can only go at weird hours the place there is not any one
    at the free weights and if there is they are horrible spotters (overassisters regardless of you
    pleading for them not to). That Fit Good Friend is designed
    to share trustworthy feedback and reviews on performance-focused sneakers and for varied
    items of men’s attire. Some name it having a passion for nice gear, others name it an obsession. The most essential factor is probably that you simply feel your upper pecs working, regardless of whether
    that happens at 15° or 30°. On many adjustable coaching benches, a 30° inclination signifies that you need to use the primary or second setting above
    horizontal. One methodology could be first to find 45° inclination (halfway
    between horizontal and vertical), after which select
    one thing barely much less (two-thirds) than that.

    Whether you choose impartial grip or parallel grip bench press,
    the secret's to search out the variation that finest
    aligns together with your health goals and physical
    capabilities. By understanding the advantages and drawbacks of each grip, you probably can optimize your chest growth and obtain your required results.
    Free weight presses provide a symphony of muscle activation,
    honing not simply energy but in addition stability and coordination. On the flip side, the traditional bench press is the bedrock of brute force, setting the stage for unequalled mass and energy features.
    Collectively, they write a success story for your chest exercise
    narrative. This complete guide promises a deep dive into the nuances of
    each workouts. We’ll discover how alternating dumbbell lifts and barbell presses can shatter plateaus and amplify
    positive aspects.
    Weak Spot in any of these muscles could make the dumbbell bench press
    more durable to carry out and lead to below-average energy requirements.
    To calculate your flat dumbbell press as a fraction of your own body weight, simply divide the burden of your 1RM by your physique weight.
    This is an effective choice if lowering the weights to
    your shoulders causes shoulder-pain.